| Objective:①To observe the effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract(EGb) on the cognitive function of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).②To observe the effect of EGb on the one-year conversion rate of MCI to dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD).③To observe the distribution characteristic of common syndrome elements of MCI.④To observe the effect of EGb on the distribution characteristic of syndrome elements of MCI.⑤To observe and analyse the relationship between the effect of EGb on cognitive function and syndrome elements of MCI.Method: All the 113 MCI patients were enrolled and randomly divided into treatment group(58 cases) and control group (55 cases). There were equilibrium distribution of two groups in gender, age, education, scores of neuropsychological tests and the distribution characteristic of syndrome elements. Control group received only standard care, while treatment group was given 19.2mg EGb (SITAILONG) three times a day for 12 months. The two groups were tested by neuropsychological tests and investigated by syndrome elements of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) at the 6th month and 12th month.Results:①Compared to control group, the scores of MMSE and Memory Quotient (MQ) of treatment group were remarkably improved (P<0.01) and the scores of clock drawing test(CDT) and logistic memory were increased (P< 0.05) both at the 6th month and 12th month. In the MMSE classified factors, the temporal orientation, delayed recall and operation ability were improved (P<0.05). In the subtest of WMS, the scores of comprehension memory were remarkably improved (P<0.01) and the scores of visual recognition and visual recall were increased (P<0.05). Treatment group showed a significant increase in MMSE scores of 67.24%, compared with 36.36% of control group at the 6th month (P <0.01), a significant increase of 65.52%, compared with 30.91% of control group at the 12th month (P<0.01); Scores of the CDT of treatment group increased by 62.07%, compared with 34.55% of control group at the 6th month (P<0.01), increased by 60.34% compared with 30.91% of control group at the 12th month (P<0.01); Scores of the logistic memory of treatment group increased by 58.62%, compared with 38.18% of control group at the 6th month (P<0.05), increased by 63.79% compared with 29.09% of control group at the 12th month (P<0.01); Scores of the Memory Quotient (MQ) of treatment group increased by 48.28%, compared with 30.91% of control group at the 6th month (P <0.05), increased by 50.00% compared with 27.27% of control group at the 12th month (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between two groups in scores of activity of daily living (ADL) and the spatial orientation, the immediate memory, account ability, language function of MMSE, the digital span, figure recognition, association learning and number recitation of WMS both at the 6th month and the 12th month (P>0.05).②At the 6th month,1 of the 58 cases in treatment group was diagnosed as dementia (1.72%), while 5 of 55 cases in control group were diagnosed as dementia (9.09%), and this was statistically significant (P<0.05). At the 12th month,3 of the 58 cases in treatment group were diagnosed as dementia (5.17%), while 8 of 55 cases in control group were diagnosed as dementia (14.55%), and this was also statistically significant (P <0.05).③In the syndrome elements of MCI, kidney (74.34%) and heart (60.18%) as disease location were specially common, while stasis blood (52.21%), Qi deficiency (51.33%) and phlegm (46.02%) as disease character were specially common.④Compared to control group, the frequency of blood stasis syndrome and phlegm syndrome of treatment group decreased remarkably both at the 6th month and 12th month (P< 0.01). There was no difference of frequency in disease character of Qi deficiency, blood deficiency, Yin deficiency, Yang deficiency and disease location of heart, lung, spleen, liver and kidney between the two groups (P>0.05).⑤Logistic regression showed that there was correlation between the relief of blood stasis syndrome and the increased scores of CDT at the 12th month(P<0.05), with the odds ratio (OR) 5.50,95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.49～20.31, correlation between the relief of phlegm syndrome and the increased scores of CDT at the 12th month (P<0.05), with the OR 3.34,95% CI 1.02～10.91, while no significant correlation shown at the 6th month.Conclusion:①EGb has certain effects on improving cognition of MCI patients.②EGb reduces the conversion rate of MCI to dementia.③Kidney and heart are the most common disease location, while blood stasis, Qi deficiency and phlegm are the most common disease character in MCI.④EGb has some effect on the MCI patients with blood stasis syndrome and phlegm syndrome.⑤There was correlation between the improvement of cognitive function and the relief of blood stasis syndrome and phlegm syndrome of MCI after the treatment of EGb.
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