Undergraduate Depressive State Investigation And Study For Efficacy Of Early Intervention

BackgroundDepression is a kind of mood disorder featured by long lasting obvious depressed mood and lack of interest. Depressive state in adolescent may turn into serious depression if it has not been alleviated when entering adulthood and work period. College students who will be the main force of the society account for a large part among young people. Early identification of the depressive state and early intervention are important to prevent suicide and to improve the physical and mental health of undergraduate group.Objective1 Discuss whether gender, school, major and grade could lead to depression occurrence, discuss negative life events'impact on depressive state and life quality of undergraduates, discuss the personality of depressed undergraduates;2 Apply early intervention on depressed undergraduates, compare acupuncture, psychology and combined method on improvement of depressive state and life quality.Method1270 undergraduates were investigated during Apr.2009 to Sep.2010. All undergraduates were accessed by the following:"life quality" by the WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF),"depressive state" by the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), "negative life event occurrence" by the LES (Life Event Scale) and "personality" by the NEO-FFI (Big Five Personality Inventory). Inquire undergraduates whose CES-D score≥16 with HAMD(Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and early intervene those whose CES-D score≥16 and HAMD score≥7,≤17. Apply pragmatic randomized controlled method, according to the wishes,50 undergraduates were grouped into control group, acupuncture group, psychology group and combined group. These methods were applied over a 8 week period to evaluate efficacy in improving the depressive state.Results1 Investigation:1.1 There is no significant correlation between gender, school, major, grade and depression (P>0.05). There is no significant difference between CES-D scores of different genders, schools, majors, and grades(P>0.05);1.2 There is significant positive correlation between negative life event score and CES-D score (P<0.05). There is significant negative correlation between negative life event score and score of life quality, health evaluation, physiology, psychology, environment and social relationship (P<0.05). Score of negative life event is highest associated with life quality score(r=-0.145);1.3 Negative study and work events score has highest correlation with the CES-D score(r=0.326); There is significant correlation between score of negative study and work events and life quality, physiology, psychology, environment and social relationship(P<0.05). Score of negative study and work events has highest correlation with health evaluation(r=-0.126);1.4 Negative family life events score has significant negative correlation with life quality, health evaluation, environment and social relationship(P<0.05), while having no significant correlation with physiology and psychology(P>0.05);1.5 Negative social interaction events score has no significant correlation with life quality and health evaluation(P>0.05) while having significant negative correlation with environment (P<0.05);1.6 CES-D score showed significant correlation with score of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism (P<0.05); CES-D score has significant positive correlation with neuroticism and significant negative correlation with openness, conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness(P<0.05); Extraversion showed highest correlation with CES-D score(r=-0.52);1.7 There is significant difference between depressed and normal undergraduates in conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism(P<0.05) while no significant difference occurred in openness(P>0.05);2 Early intervention:2.1 ITT and PP analysis showed, there is significant difference between pre- and post-intervention (P<0.05); There is no significant difference of CES-D scores between groups in post-intervention (P>0.05); The control group showed no significant difference between pre- and post-intervention (P>0.05);2.2 ITT and PP analysis showed, there is no significant difference of CES-D score reduction rate between groups in post-intervention(P>0.05); there is no significant difference of CES-D score cutting points between groups in post-intervention(P>0.05);2.3 The acupuncture group and combined group have significant difference between pre- and post- intervention in life quality score(P<0.05), while the psychology group and control group showed no significant difference(P>0.05); 2.4 The acupuncture group and psychology group have significant difference between pre- and post-intervention in health evaluation(P<0.05), while the combined group and control group showed no significant difference(P>0.05);2.5 The control group have significant difference between pre- and post- intervention in physiology score(P<0.05), while acupuncture group, psychology group and the combined group showed no significant difference(P>0.05);2.6 There is no significant difference between pre- and post- intervention in psychology score(P<0.05);2.7 The control group, acupuncture group and combined group have significant difference between pre- and post- intervention in environment score(P<0.05), while the psychology group showed no significant difference(P>0.05);2.8 The acupuncture group have significant difference between pre- and post-intervention in social relationship score(P<0.05), while the control group, psychology group and combined group showed no significant difference(P>0.05);2.9 There is no significant difference of life quality, health evaluation, physiology, psychology and social relationship score between groups in post-intervention(P>0.05); The acupuncture group and environment combined group showed significant difference between groups in post-intervention (P<0.05);Conclusion1 Investigation:1.1 Gender, school, major, grade have no impact on depressive state;1.2 Life events significantly influence undergraduates' life quality, which is intensively influenced by the study and work event. Negative study and work event highly affected health evaluation.1.3 Family life intensively influence undergraduates' life quality and social relationship which directly affected the satisfaction of environment;1.4 Undergraduates'depressive state is affected by their personality. The extent of extraversion intensively influence the emotion of undergraduates. Undergraduates in depressive state are prone to have less emotion stability, responsibility, less easygoing and more introvert.2 Early intervention:2.1 Early intervention of acupuncture, psychology and combined method could improve undergraduates' depressive state, but the three intervention method has no deference;2.2 Early intervention of acupuncture could significantly improve undergraduates'life quality, health evaluation, environment satisfaction and social relationship; Early intervention of psychology could significantly improve undergraduates'health evaluation. The combined method could significantly improve undergraduates' life quality and environment satisfaction, but has less improvement than acupuncture only, which indicates the early psychology intervention may cause secondary depressive mood.