The Study On The Prevalence Situation Of Congenital Malformation And The Influencing Factors In Gansu Province

Objective The purpose of this study is to know the present level of congenital malformation, deformities composition as well as its order. Besides, this article is to probe into the factors attributing to the congenital malformation and to provide the scientific evidence for the future research on how to prevent the happening of birth defects. Finally, this article aims to offer guidance for the future work of rearing better children.Methods Based on the economic situation and the geographic conditions, this study selects five places to have the investigation. The five places are as follows:the city of Dunhang, the county of Jingzhuang, the country of Weiyuan as well as the Country of Yongjing. This study investigated the newly-born babies of all the five areas mentioned above from the date of 1st,October,2008 to the date of 30th, September,2010. The newly-born babies range from the live births, fetal birth to the stillbirth. The health conditions of the newly-born babies and the behaviors of expecting mothers were still investigated. All the datum have been input to the Epidata and analyzed by SPSS 13.0.Rseult1. The prevalence situation of congenital malformation in Gansu province.The congenital malformation incidence averages on 7.69%o in 2009 in Gansu Province. As for the average level, males occupy 8.74%o while females occupy 6.51‰. Specifically speaking, the congenital heart disease incidence is 1.66‰; melanocytic nevus incidence is 1.05%o; hydrocephalus incidence is 0.61%o; polydactyly incidence is 0.61%o and hemangioma incidence is 0.44%o. As far as the congenital heart disease mortality and hydrocephalus mortality are concerned, the death rate them are 0.70‰and is 0.44‰respectively. The fatality rate of rectum or anal atresia and visceral evaginate takes up 100.00% while the fatality rate of hydrocephalus case is 71.43%.The congenital malformation incidence averages on 8.16%o in 2010 in Gansu Province. As for the average level, males occupy 9.29%o while females occupy 6.99‰. Specifically speaking, the congenital heart disease incidence is 1.89‰; melanocytic nevus incidence is 0.99‰; hydrocephalus incidence is 0.81‰; cleft lip incidence is 0.72‰; multiple defects incidence is 0.63%o. As for the congenital heart disease mortality, multiple defects mortality, Down's syndrome mortality, other non-especially congenital malformations and multiple defects case fatality, the death rate are all 100.00%. Neural tube defect and rectum or anal atresia case fatality rate are 66.67%.Within the two years from 2009 to 2010, the congenital malformation incidence in Dunhuang city is 13.17%o. As for the congenital heart disease, melanocytic nevus and hydrocephalus incidence are concerned; the incidences are 3.55‰,2.03%o and 2.03%o respectively. The death rates of neural tube defect, multiple defects and polydactyly are all 1.01%o. Congenital heart disease mortality is 2.53%o, and hydrocephalus mortality is 1.52‰. Neural tube defect and multiple defects case fatality rate are 100.00%, hydrocephalus case fatality rate is 75.00%.Within the two years from 2009 to 2010, the congenital malformation incidence in Jingchuan county is 11.32%o. As for the incidences of melanocytic nevus, the congenital heart disease, hemangioma are 2.44‰,2.01‰and 1.00%o respectively. Hydrocephalus and polydactyly incidence is 0.72%o. The death rates of incidence of congenital heart is 0.86%o. Neural tube defect and hydrocephalus mortality are all 0.43%o. Rectum or anal atresia and pygoteratoldes case fatality rate are 100.00%. The neural tube defect case fatality rate is 75.00%.Within the two years from 2009 to 2010, the congenital malformation incidence in Hui county is 3.79%o. As for the incidences of hydrocephalus, other non-especially congenital malformations are 0.84%o, melanocytic nevus, the congenital heart disease, hemangioma, neural tube defect, cleft lip, urethral fluctuation crack, limb defect, visceral evaginate incidence is 0.27%o. The death rates of congenital heart disease, hydrocephalus, visceral evaginate, and other non especially congenital malformation are all 0.27%o. Congenital heart disease mortality and visceral evaginate case fatality rate are 100.00%, hydrocephalus nd other non especially congenital malformation case fatality rate are 33.33%.Within the two years from 2009 to 2010, the congenital malformation incidence in Weiyuan county is 3.79%o. As for the congenital heart disease, multiple defects, cleft lip incidence are concerned; the incidences are 2.09‰,1.13%o and 0.96%o respectively. Hydrocephalus and other non especially congenital malformationst incidence is 0.64%o, rectum or anal atresia incidence is 0.32%o. The death rates of congenital heart disease is 1.13‰. Multiple defects mortality is 2.53%o. Down's syndrome, cerebral palsy, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, case fatality rate are 100.00%, hydrocephalus and other non especially congenital malformation case fatality rate are 75.00%.Within the two years from 2009 to 2010, the congenital malformation incidence in Yongjing city is 4.89%o. As for the congenital heart disease, neural tube defect, cerebral palsy are concerned; the incidences are 1.36‰,0.82‰and 0.54‰respectively. Rectum or anal atresia, hemangioma, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Down's syndrome, melanocytic nevus, polydactyly, dislocation of the hip joint, other digestive system congenital malformations incidence are 0.27%o. The death rates of congenital heart disease, cerebral palsy and rectum or anal atresia mortality are all 0.27%o. Rectum or anal atresia case fatality rate are 100.00%, cerebral palsy case fatality rate is 50.00%.2. The influencing factors of congenital malformationThe binary logistic regression shows that the risk factors of congenital malformation in Gansu province consist of the infant birth weight, gravida, the number of embryo, fetus number, gestational weeks of the mother, past medical history, hepatitis, influenza flu, and threatened abortion(OR>1, p<0.05). How much education the mother has received is the protective factor of congenital malformation (OR<1).ConclusionThe incidence rate of congenital malformation in Gansu province is lower than that of the average level of the whole country. The categories of the congenital malformation vary greatly in different areas. The risk factors of congenital malformation are the mothers'past medical history, hepatitis, influenza flu, and threatened abortion, indicating that pregnent women are supposed to avoid the infection of all the risk factors and the threatened abortion. The referenced suggestion is that the preventive project of birth defects should be conducted according to the differences of areas and the thorniness of the practical problem of the area. The tertiary prevention measures will effectively reduce the incidence of the congenital malformation.