| Objective: With the development of economy, the trend of the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease is upward year by year, and cardiovascular disease gradually becomes the leading killer to human health. Patients with cardiovascular disease have a high risk of recurrent cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and sudden death from cardiovascular disease, and as the data from a trail, patients with cardiovascular disease who survive the stage of an acute myocardial infarction have a 1.5-15 times higher rate of morbidity and mortality than that of no coronary heart disease[1] .Data from many trials demonstrate that interventions for risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, such as hypertension and hyperlipidaemia, improve patient survival and the quality of life, and make the incidence of recurrent cardiovascular events downward[2-6],and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease is mainly used to reduce the factors associated with cardiovascular disease, so it is very important for patients of coronary heart disease. And the control of the cardiovascular risk factors not only needs the doctors'high attention, but also the patients'active participation, so it is very important for that the patients can be actively participate in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease to have the knowledge about cardiovascular risk factors. And if we want patients to accept the doctors'advice in time, we must improve the cognition status with coronary artery disease of risk factors, so it is very necessary to get the massage of the cognition status for risk factors of coronary artery disease .The survey aims to get the massage of the cognition status for cardiovascular risk factors, improve the cognition status for risk factors of coronary artery disease, better put secondary prevention treatment strategies of coronary artery disease into practice, and prevent recurrent cardiovascular events.Methods: 280 patients with cardiovascular disease before discharge from the second hospital of Hebei Medical University were selected from November, 2010 to March, 2011. The selected patients with cardiovascular disease were surveyed using a questionnaire which was about blood pressure control, lipid management, diabetes management, Smoking cessation, limitation of drinking, diet, antiplatele therapy, exercise, and the use of clopidogrel in patients who had underwent PCI. According to the results of the survey, we got the massage of the cognition status with CHD of risk factors, and according to the case, we were aware cardiovascular risk factors which the patients were of, including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, smoking and obesity.The Survey was divided into three parts: part one was general data, including gender, age, admission number, the degree of education, occupation, diagnosis, body height, body weight, whether the patients had underwent percutanous coronary intervention. Part two was the question about the knowledge of secondary prevention of CHD. Part three was the question that cognition status with the risk factors of CHD which the patients were with.The patients were divided into many groups which were based on gender, age, occupation, the degree of education. By gender, the patients were divided into male and female groups. By age, the patients were divided into youth(≤44 years old),middle age(45～59 years old) and old age(≥60 years old) groups. By occupation, the patients were divided into farmer, worker, teacher and civil servant groups. By the degree of education, the patients were divided into illiterate, primary school,middle school and university groups.Statistics analysis: All data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS 13.0. Because of comparing the rate of cognition in the survey, so chi-square was used. If the difference was significant when comparing the rate of the cognition in more than two groups 0f one team, we compared the cognition rate between every two groups in the team (Level of the test=α/the number of comparison,α=0.05). Results:1 Among the 280 patients,just 2.86 % -46.07% of those were aware of the answer of each question about hypertension , hyperlipidaemia or diabetes, 52.14% recognized smoking mainly promoted occurrence of CHD,46.79% knew all patients with CHD shoud use aspirin daily unless contraindicated, 22.86% recognized the most important side effect of aspirin and clopidogrel,43.75% recognized that they were with cardiovascular risk factors.2 the cognition status of knowledge about the secondary prevention of CHD2.1 In female group, the rate of the cognition was 30.89%, in male group, the rate of the cognition was 43.93%.The rate of the cognition in female group was lower than it in male group, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).2.2 In youth group, the rate of the cognition was 40.12%, in middle age group, the rate of the cognition was 42.77%, in old age group, the rate of the cognition was 37.40%, comparing the rate of the cognition in the three groups, the difference was significant (p<0.05).The rate of the cognition in old age group was lower than it in middle age group, the difference was significant (p<0.0167).2.3 In illiterate group, the rate of the cognition was 24.43%, in primary school group, the rate of the cognition was 32.85%,in middle school group, the rate of the cognition was 43.56%, in university group, the rate of the cognition was 56.89%, comparing the rate of the cognition in the four groups, the difference was significant (p<0.05). From illiterate group to university group, the rate was gradually higher,difference between every two groups was significant (p<0.00833).2.4 In farmer group, the rate of the cognition was 30.43%, in worker group, the rate of the cognition was 46.32%,in teacher group, the rate of the cognition was 51.37%, in civil servant group, the rate of the cognition was 53.25%, comparing the rate of the cognition in the four groups, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The rate of the cognition in farmer group was lower than any in worker, teacher and civil servant groups, difference was statistically significant (p< 0.00833).3 the cognition status with that whether the patients could recognized that they were with risk factors of CHD3.1 In female group, the rate of the cognition was 27.72%, in male group, the rate of the cognition was 53.22%.The rate of the cognition in female group was lower than it in male group, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).3.2 In youth group, the rate of the cognition was 82.35%, in middle age group, the rate of the cognition was 54.90%, in old age group, the rate of the cognition was 32.02%, comparing the rate of the cognition in the three groups, the difference was significant (p<0.05) .The rate of the cognition in old age group was lower than it in middle age and youth groups, differences were statistically significant (p<0.0167).3.3 In farmer group, the rate of the cognition was 35.00%,in worker group, the rate of the cognition was 50.00%,in teacher group, the rate of the cognition was 50.00%,in civil servant group, the rate of the cognition was 59.09% , comparing the rate of the cognition in the four groups, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) .The rate of the cognition in farmer group was lower than civil servant group, only the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.00833).3.4 In illiterate group, the rate of the cognition was 8.33%, in primary school group, the rate of the cognition was 27.87%, in middle school group, the rate of the cognition was 60.32% ,in university group, the rate of the cognition was 59.46% , comparing the rate of the cognition in the four groups, the difference was significant(p<0.05). Differences not only between illiterate group and primary school, but also between middle school group and university group was not statistically significant(p>0.00833), and the difference between illiterate group and middle school group, between illiterate group and university group, between primary school group and middle school group, between primary school group and university group was statistically significant (p<0.00833).Conclusions: The survey shows that the cognition status among the patients, especially who was of lower degree of education, female, farmer and old people,for the secondary prevention of CHD and cardiovascular risk factors which patients were with were deficient, so in order to improve the condition that patients put secondary prevention of CHD into practice, it's necessary to improve awareness of risk factors of CHD and patients must recognize that they are of cardiovascular risk factors. From now on, it shoud get the massage of the cognition status for cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease in hospital , and in order to make patients accept doctor'advice in time and prevent recurrent cardiovascular events, education should be strengthened before discharge from hospital. |
PDF Full Text Request