| Background and Objective Tongue carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor among the oral diseases. It has a high incidence rate and bad postoperative recurrence and lymph node metastasis. With the development of the comprehensive and sequential therapy for oral and maxillofacial malignancies, the therapeutics level has improved a lot. The survival rate and the quality of life have improved too, some of the patients with malignant tumor were healing. The primary tumor size in tongue carcinoma was tightly correlated with the lymph node metastasis and postoperative recurrence. The bigger the primary tumor size is, the higher possibility the lymph node metastasis and postoperative recurrence has. However, there were some cases that relatively small primary tumor size with early stage in tongue carcinoma displayed metastasis and recurrence in clinic. The phenomenon indicated that there were discrepancy in neoplasm invasiveness and metastasis in these progresses.Researches had demonstrated that factors EGFR and EGF were strongly correlated with neoplasm invasiveness and metastasis. The aim of this present study is to investigate the expression and significance of EGFR and EGF in two tongue squamous cell carcinomas (TSCC) with different prognosis. The relationship between the expression and its targeted therapies drugs and some other clinic related factors.Materials and methods Selected 32 TSCC samples with pathologic biopsy verification from 1/2005 to 5/2010 in the Second Xiangya Hospital,Hunan Cancer Hospital,Zhuzhou No.1 Hospital, without radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other biotherapy.16 tongue carcinoma samples with small primary tumor size (T1-T2 stages) and poor prognosis were classified as group A, and 16 tongue carcinoma samples with small primary tumor size (T1-T2 stages) and good prognosis as group B. All the samples were formalin fixed and paraffin-embedded. The expression level of EGFR and EGF were tested by immunohistochemistry in group A and B. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0, EGFR and EGF with one-way ANOVA Test. The significance level wasp value less than 0.05. Results1.EGFR and EGF were expressed on tongue carcinoma cell membrane, expression level reduction with tongue carcinoma cells. Positive expression levels of EGFR in group A (2 samples strong-positive and 8 samples intermediate-positive,4 samples weak-positive expression and 2 samples negative) was higher than group B (0 samples strong-positive and 5 samples intermediate-positive,2 samples weak-positive expression and 9 samples negative) with statistical significance (p<0.05).2.Positive expression levels of EGF in group A (0 samples strong-positive and 4 samples intermediate-positive,3 samples weak-positive expression and 9 samples negative) was equal to group B (0 samples strong-positive and 3 samples intermediate-positive,5 samples weak-positive expression and 10 samples negative) with no statistical significance (p>0.05).3.There are no statistical significance (p>0.05) about EGFR and EGF expressions related to the clinic-related factors in all the 32 patients, but only have the relationship with whether lymph node metastasis or not(p<0.05).Conclusion1. Similar tumor size tongue carcinoma with poor prognosis displayed the up-regulation of EGFR more than tongue carcinoma with good prognosis.2. The expression of EGF in similar tumor size tongue carcinoma with poor prognosis and good prognosis has no statistical significance.3. There are no statistical significance about EGFR and EGF expressions related to the clinic-related factors, but only related to whether lymph node metastasis or not.4. The disparity expression of the EGFR has the potentiality to provide references of chemotherapy for tongue squamous cell carcinomas (TSCC) patients.
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