Study On Antioxidant Activities Of Mushrooms And Extraction Process Optimization For Dictyophora Indusiata

It has been investigated that most mushrooms contain several kinds of active components which can improve human immunity, and have antitumor and antioxidant activity and so on. As there are so many species of mushrooms in China,it is a valuable resource pool of new medicine and health food.this paper mainly studies antioxidant activities species of mushrooms and extraction process optimization for Dictyophora indusiata, and the research results are as follows:(1) Antioxidant activities of liquid fermented products of 45 species of mushrooms were compared by using the reducing power measurement, the salicylic acid method and the self-oxidation method of pyrogallol.The results showed that most liquid fermenting products of 45 species of mushrooms had antioxidant properties in vitro. In addition, to evaluate the overall antioxidant capacities of them, a fuzzy appraisal mathematical model was employed. It had been found that the fermented filtrate of Inonotus obliquus, the methanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum'hypha and the water extract of Gloeostereum incarnatum'hypha had the highest antioxidant activity among all tested mushrooms respectively.(2) Antioxidant activities of extracts from the dried fruiting bodies of 26 species of mushrooms were firstly compared by using the reducing power measurement, the salicylic acid method, the self-oxidation method of pyrogallol and the scavenging ability on DPPH·(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). The results showed that the extracts of all 26 species had antioxidant properties in vitro. To evaluate the overall antioxidant capacities of them, a fuzzy appraisal mathematical model was employed. The result showed that the water and ethanol extracts of D. indusiata had the highest antioxidant activity among all tested mushrooms.(3) Thus, D. indusiata was further studied for a potential antioxidant source. The extract conditions including ethanol concentration, extract temperature, material and solvent ratio and extract time were investigated by L₉(3⁴)orthogonal design with the scavenging quality of DPPH·as the antioxidation activity index. The result showed that extract temperature was the major factor affecting the extract rate, and that the optimal extract process was to use 90% ethanol with a material/solvent ratio of 1/35 at 90℃for 2.5 h.(4) The antioxidant activity in vivo of D. indusiata extract had been investigated,the result showed that none of the low dose(50 mg/kg·d),middle dose(100 mg/kg·d),high dose(200 mg/kg·d) had significant influence on body weight(P>0.05), which indicated that the D. indusiata extract haven't poisonous or side effect. In the respect of liver and spleen weight, middle dose and high dose reached the level of control, which indicated that the D. indusiata extract could protect impaired apparatus; The extract of D. indusiata could significantly increase SOD vitality and reduce MDA content of mice which injected in D-galactose,and the dose and antioxidant activity had dose-response relationship.(5) Antioxidant characteristics of D.indusiata extract had been studied.The results showed that the yield of D. indusiata extract was 15.33%, and the antioxidant activity of 1.00 g D. indusiata extract equaled to that of 397.18μg VC or 557.47 mg VE. The crude extraction contained plenty of polysaccharide, a little polyphenol, and traces of flavone. Petroleumether, ethylacetate, isobutanol were utilized successively to separation the crude extract. It could be found that the petroleumether, ethylacetate, isobutanol extractions all mainly contained polyphenol, and the water extraction contained plenty of polysaccharide. Moreover, antioxidative substance in ethylacetate had been further investigated for its lower content (10.72%) but higher antioxidant activity, which was just 7.06% lower than the extraction in water. According to the infrared spectroscopy absorption curve of material dissolved in ethylacetate, it could been derived that there are phenolic, esters and associate carboxylic acid in extraction of ethylacetate.Based on the thin-layer chromatogram, it could been derived that there are at least seven kinds of substances in extraction of ethylacetate.