| OBJECTIVE:To provide detailed anatomical accordance for Transoral-line of the foramen magnum augmentation through the anatomy measure of the relationship between the bone structures of the occipital slopes and the surrounding adjacent slopes.METHODS:1.Select 40 cases of dry adult skulls,10 cases of sagittal sections,30 cases of horizontal section. The following were measured:the slope inside base of the skull,the length of the outside base of the skull;Pharyngeal tubercle width of slope, slope minimum thickness, the central thickness and maximum thickness; the angle between the slope and horizontal plane; outer edge of the hole in carotid canal,outer edge of the hole in the jugular foramen, inner and outer edge of the mouth of the rupture hole, inner and outer edge of the hole of the hypoglossal nerve, the distance between the inner margin of Atlanto-occipital joint and central line of slopes.2.Select 20 cases of complete head and neck specimens,15 cases of median sagittal section,5 cases of horizontal section, respectively dissected them and observed the adjacent structures of slopes and the surrounding blood vessels and nerves.RESULTS:1.The length of slope inside base of the skull 40.1±2.5mm, the length of slope outside the base of the skull 28.2±3.1mm, the width of the central slope 18.8±2.5mm, the minimum thickness of slope 6.8±2.3mm, the thickness of the central slope 9.8±2.2mm, the maximum slope thickness of 11.5±1.7 mm, the length from the pharyngeal tubercle to the anterior foramen magnum 12.8±1.5mm.2. The angle between slope and the horizontal is 46.8±4.5°.3. Distance from outer edge of the mouth of carotid artery to the central line of the slope is 26.1±3.1mm, the distance from inner edge of the mouth of jugular vein to the center line of the slope is 21.8±2.5mm, from the outer edge of the mouth of the jugular foramen to the central line of the slope 25.1±2.7mm, from the inner edge of mouth of rupture hole to the central line of the slope 10.5±2.9mm, from the outer edge of the mouth of rupture hole to the central line of the slope 11.8±2.5mm, from the inner edge of the mouth of hypoglossal canal to the central line of the slope 13.8±2.3mm, from the outer edge of the mouth of hypoglossal canal to the central line of the slope 21.1±2.3mm, from the inner edge of atlanto-occipital joint to the central line of the slope 10.5±2.3mm.4. From the upper part of the slope to the rear of basilar artery 7.6±1.0mm, to the rear of the pons 8.3±1.2mm, middle of the slope from the ditch behind the medulla oblongata Pons 13.5±1.7mm, from the lower part of the slope to the rear of the medulla oblongata 6.5±0.8mm.5.Space between the upper slope and rear epidural is 1.8±0.2mm, space between the central slope and posterior epidural is 1.3±0.1mm, gap from the bottom slope to the rear hard brain and meninges is 1.3±0.1mm.6. Distance from the front of foramen magnum to the vertebral confluence of the basilar artery is 15.7±2.5mm.7.Vertebral artery is symmetrical on both sides of the overturned "Y" shape merged into the basilar artery, vertebral artery in the foramen magnum from the middle level 4.5±0.9mm,0.5cm at the top level of the foramen magnum from the Middle 3.2±0.7mm, the foramen magnum 1cm above the horizontal distance between the midline 2.5±0.8mm,1.5cm at the top of the foramen magnum level of 1.5±0.8mm from the midline.8.Bone window in the ramp width of 15mm, height 10mm, depth of 6mm, meet Transoral foramen magnum augmentation requirements and a reliable security.CONCLUSION:This study is to provide a certain anatomical accordance for the clinical surgeries on the slope area through the measurement and observation of the slope bony structures of the foramen magnum and the adjacent relationship of neighborhood. |
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