Expression And Significance Of β-catenin And APC In CIN And Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

ObjectiveTo study the expression and role ofβ-Catenin and APC(adenomatous polyposis coli) in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.MethodThe cervix tissue from 30 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma which were further defined according to the operative findings(FIGO 2000)as stageⅠ(19cases),stageⅡ(11cases) and graded as high grade (7cases) and moderate grade(14cases) and low grade(9 cases),50cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia which were subdivided(according to the WHO Scully et al suggestions-1994)as CINⅠ(16cases), CINⅡ(15cases),CINⅢ(19cases),and 24 cases of normal cervix tissue were collected from patients at the Peoples Hospital of Taixing from Augest 2007 to December 2008.The expression ofβ-Catenin and APC protein was detected using immunohistochemistry.Results1. The normal cervical mucosa ofβ-Catenin expression was clear brown staining,positive expression most located in the membrane 87.5%(21/24),the only individual specimens cytoplasm are extremely weak staining(3/24),and no nucleus expression.Cervical cancer ofβ-Catenin expression cytoplasm and nucleus increased,the cell membrane expression varying degrees of reduction,the positive rate is 6.7%(2/30),the abnormal expression ofβ-Catenin in normal cervical mucosa,CIN and cervical squamous cell carcinoma among the three groups were significantly different.In low-level CIN,β-Catenin expression mainly in the cell membrane, in high-level CIN and cervical carcinoma,the abnormal expression increased gradely .At the same time ,expression of cervical cancer cell membrane disappears.2. 24 cases of normal cervical mucosa APC positive in 19 cases,the positive rate was 79.2%,50 cases of CIN APC positive in 23 cases,the positive rate was 46%,30 cases of cervical cancer expression four cases,the positive rate was 13.3%.The results showed that in the normal control group,CIN and cervical carcinoma APC positive rate trend was decreasing,The positive rate of normal cervical mucosa,CIN and cervical squamous cell carcinoma were statistically significant。but the difference among CIN1,CIN2,CIN3 was not statistically significant.3. In cervical squamous cell carcinoma cases,the abnormal expression ofβ-Catenin and the negative expression of APC both have nothing to do with gender,age,tumor size and tumor site (P>0.05).4. Among 30 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma,bothβ-catenin and APC are negative in 26 cases and positive in 2 cases. A significantly positive relationship was observed betweenβ-Catenin and APC protein expression in cervical carcinoma(P<0.01)。Conclusion.1. Normal cervical mueosaβ-Catenin protein expression of the membrane,cytoplasm CIN mainly for the expression of cervical cancer for cytoplasmic /nuclear expression of the abnormal expression rates were 12.5%,42% and 93.3%,group differences were statistically significant. Among them , high-level intraepithelial neoplasia CIN and high differentiated squamous cell carcinoma mainly cytoplasmic expression of poorly differentiated carcinoma cytoplasm , the nucleus were expressed.Tipβ-Catenin protein expression changes to a certain extent,reflect the malignant cervix epithelial tissue level,the high-level intraepithelial neoplasia CIN to a certain extent,already have some characteristics of cervical carcinoma.β-Catenin protein expression and the incidence of cervical cancer,is closely related to the development,may be an early event in cervical carcinoma .2. APC gene in CIN and carcinoma tissue cervix mucosa were significantly lower than that in cervix precancerous lesions in the APC gene expression has been unusual we can see that the APC gene in the early stages of cervical cancer is involved in the occurrence of cervical cancer. In the low-level and high-level intraepithelial neoplasia CIN,APC protein expression was no signifieant difference,but also suggested that immuno-histochemical methods CIN of the APC protein produets for testing does not have specific,it can not be used alone for cervix early diagnosis of tumor.In the CIN ,the APC gene expression has been unusual,the gene inactivation in the incidence of cervix cancer in the developing CIN and play an important role in,but in cervix carcinogenesis CIN in the specific mechanisms still need further study.3.β-Catenin protein and APC protein are two key factors of Wnt pathway. They have all appeared in the abnormal expression in the CIN and cervical carcinoma .lt notes Wnt pathway play a certain role in the cervical carcinoma occurrence and development,but the exact mechanism remains to be further studied.