The Effect Of Cr And Curcumin To Serum And Spleen Iga, Igg, IgM Level As Well As Immune Organ Index In Rat

Objective: Caloric restriction (CR), also known as dietary restriction (DR), is referred to limiting total calorie in daily intake by reducing dietary fat or carbonhydrate (usually reducing 30% to 40% from the calorie of usual diet), based on providing organisms essential nutrients such as essential amino acids, vitamins, etc, to ensure the organisms not to occur malnutrition. American scientist Mccay (1935) has discovered that the life span of rats could be extended through CR during the growing period. So far, CR has become a hot topic in medical and biological study. In the 1980s, Weindruch and other scientists observed almost 300 kinds of aging-related changes of physiological indicators in the rat CR model, which suggests CR can delay the majority of these changes. In addition, studies have shown that CR can play an important role in preventing aging by delaying aging of immune function. Walford (1974) first proved that CR can delay the maturity of the immune system in mice experiment under the hypothesis that CR extending life span was due to delaying aging of immune function. Turmeric has been used in China as a medicine for over 1,000 years. Turmeric,s main active ingredient is curcumin. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that it could make blood circulation smooth. Recent studies show that turmeric also has strong activities in anti-inflammation, anti-tumor and immunomodulation. Immunoglobulin is a major barrier of the organism against infection, including IgA, IgG, IgM which play an important role in human immune function. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of CR and curcumin to serum and spleen IgA, IgG, IgM level and immune organ index in adult rat, discuss its possible mechanism, so as to provide experimental basis for human healthy diet.Methods: 46 clean grade adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group I: normal diet group (control group, fed with basic diet), 12 rats; Group II: High-calorie diet group, 12 rats; Group III: low-calorie diet group (calorie intake is 60% of group I), 12 rats; Group IV: high-calorie diet added with turmeric group, 10 rats. Each group maintained essential nutrient composition intaking and drank water freely. All rats were killed by femoral artery exsanguination after being fed for 3 months. The blood was collected to gain serum from inferior vena cava. The spleen tissue was separated for preparing tissue homogenate. After weighing the spleens, the spleen index (the immune organ index) would be calculated. IgA and IgG concentration of serum and spleen tissue were analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA); IgM concentration of serum and spleen tissue were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analyses were carried out with the SAS V8 statistical software package. The data were analyzed using The SAS System for Windows V8. Quantitative data were expressed as ( x±s). All data are first carried out test of normality. Many are the number of inter-group homogeneity of variance test and one-way ANOVA. Two samples mean comparison t test was used to in two groups. P values of <0.05 were considered significant.Results:①weight change: Before feeding,the rat body weight in each group contented homogeneity of variance, body weight of rats had no contrast difference among the four groups (p>0.05). After 30 days, compared with control group, the body weight of group II showed significantly increased, the body weight of group III and group IV showed slowly increased(p<0.001). After 60 days, the body weight of group II showed increased slightly, the difference was of no statistical significance (p>0.05), the body weight of group III and group IV showed slowly increased,the difference was of statistical significance (p<0.001). After 90 days, the body weight of group II increased, but of no statistical significance(p>0.05), the body weight of group III and group IV showed slowly increased, the difference was of statistical significance (p<0.001).②Comparison of immunoglobulin Levels in serum among each group: Compared with control group, group II showed slightly increased contents of IgA,IgG and IgM in serum (p>0.05); group III showed significantly increased contents of IgA (p<0.05), but little influence on IgG and IgM (p>0.05); Group IV showed slightly increased contents of IgA and IgM (p>0.05), but significantly increased contents of IgG (p<0.05). Compared with group III, group II showed slightly increased contents of IgA,IgG and IgM in serum (p>0.05); group IV showed significantly decreased contents of IgA (p<0.05), significantly increased contents of IgG (p<0.05), but little influence on IgM (p>0.05). Compared with group II, group IV showed significantly decreased contents of IgA (p<0.05), little influence on IgG (p>0.05), but significantly increased contents of IgM (p<0.05).③Comparison of immunoglobulin Levels in spleen among each group: Compared with control group, group II showed slightly increased contents of IgA,IgG and IgM in spleen (p>0.05); group III showed slightly increased contents of IgA and IgG (p>0.05), but significantly increased contents of IgM (p<0.05); Group IV showed significantly increased contents of IgG (p<0.05), but little influence on IgA and IgM (p>0.05). Compared with group III, group II showed significantly increased contents of IgA (p<0.05), significantly decreased contents of IgM (p<0.05), but little influence on IgG (p>0.05); group IV showed little influence on IgA (p>0.05), but significantly increased contents of IgG (p<0.05), and significantly decreased contents of IgM (p<0.05). Group IV showed slightly increased contents of IgA,IgG and IgM in spleen in comparison with group II (p>0.05).④Comparison of immune organ indexes among each group: Compared with control group, group II showed little change and the difference was of no statistical significance (p>0.05); Both group III and group IV showed significantly increased (p<0.05). Compared with group III, group II showed significantly decreased (p<0.05); group IV showed showed little variety (p>0.05). Group IV showed significantly increased in comparison with group II (p<0.05).Conclusion:①CR can significantly increase serum IgA levels, while slightly increase IgG and IgM levels in serum, and the difference is of no statistically significance.②CR can also significantly increase spleen IgM levels, but having little influence on spleen IgA and IgG levels.③CR can significantly improve immune organ index in rats.④High-calorie diet does not significantly increase IgA, IgG, IgM levels and immune organ index, while high-calorie diet added with curcumin can increase serum and spleen IgG levels and immune organ index significantly, having little influence on IgA and IgM.⑤The serum IgA level of group II is significantly higher than group IV,s and the spleen IgA concentration is higher than group III,s. It is different from we have known in the past. Therefore, further studies need to be done to solve the problem.