Epidemiological Data Analysis Of Newly Diagnosed Childhood Leukemia From Chongqing Between 2000 And 2009

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed childhood leukemia in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between 2000 and 2009, and the features of childhood leukemia in the region of Chongqing; and to assess references for prevention of childhood leukemia.Methods: From January 2000 to December 2009, 950 children were initially diagnosed as having leukemia at Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. All cases were reviewed retrospectively and analyzed to summarize their distribution characters in morphology, immunology, cytogenetics and molecular biology; their onset age, sex difference, season changes, environment difference and the tendency of onset rate in ten years.Results:1.The number of cases of childhood leukemia was increased from 26 up to 159 decade in Children's Hospital of Chongqing medical university, annual 19.9%.2.Distribution characters of morphology:Of the 950 patients,96.7 4%patients were diagnosed as AL,2.84%as CML.Of the AL,678(73.78%) patients suffered from ALL,and 241(26.22%) patients had AML.3.Distribution characters of immunology:402 children were classified into B-cell ALL,and 52 into T-cell ALL.The ratio of B to T lineage ALL was7.73:1.The express rate of My antigen of ALL was 20.70%.4.Distribution characters of cytogenetics biology:45.61% cases of ALL had clonal abnormalities. And in which,there were 58 patients had the hyperdiploidy,and 22 cases had the hypodiploid.t(8;21)(q22;q22),t(15;17)(q22;q11) was presented in 15.45%,10.91% in the AML patients.t(9;22)(q34;q11) was presented in 72.22%in the CML patients.5.Distribution characters of molecular biology:BCR/ABL,TEL/AML1 fusion gene was expressed in 8.75% and 10.71% of children withB-cell ALL.AMLl/ETO,PML/RARa fusion gene was detected in 27.91% and 20.93% in the AML patients respectively.BCR/ABL fusion gene was expressed in 77.78% of children with CML.6.Most of the cases were younger than 10 years (80.84%).The age distribution of ALL had a maximum of 1～4 years old group, and there were no significant differences in the AML and CML from age.7.The ratio of male to female was 1.64:1.8.Most of the patients of childhood leukemia were born in October,and most of them developed disorder on May.9.The rate of children with leukemia who were fed mother's milk was 81.15%, 85.94% of them were fed beyond 6 monthes.4.49% of patients had family history of malignant neoplasm.12.45% of Children had exposure to environmental risk factors.10.Of the infant leukemia,39(60%) cases had ALL,and 22(33.85%) had AML.Conclusions:1.The newly diagnosed childhood leukemia is continuously upward trend from Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.It is more important to strengthen the prevention and treatment of childhood leukemia.2.Most of the patients of childhood leukemia are ALL,which has better prognosis.3.Most of the immunology type of ALL is B-ALL.4.There are differences in the biologic features of childhood leukemia between the Chongqing region and other regions and races, which suggest that there might be differences in the pathogenesis of childhood leukemia in different ethic origin and different environmental exposures.5.The age distribution of ALL has a maximum of 1～4 years old group, and there are no significant differences in the AML and CML from age.Also,there are no significant differences in sex from age.6.The incidence of childhood leukemia in male is higher than female.7.The proportion of AML in infant leukemia is higher than other age groups, but the ALL is still the majority, prompts the peculiar biology character and prognosis.8.The infectious agent vary with season, and breast-feeding may be one of the early infection factors [2]. The patients of childhood leukemia in our hospital are not relevant with seasons.The breast-feeding rates of patients are higher than the average level of the region. The theory of childhood leukemia with infection still needs to be a large number of epidemiology research and further study in molecular level.9.The pathogenesis of childhood leukemia risk factors includinggenetic background, infection, environmental factors, strengthen environmental protection is particularly important.10.Further epidemiologieal research is needed, through effective monitoring and tumor molecular epidemiology and other modern methods epidemiological studies of childhood leukemia,offering reference for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies of childhood leukemia.