Function Analysis Of Pronouns "ruhe(如何)" In Modern Chinese

We concludes"ruhe(如何)"in modern Chinese distribution in the corresponding structure, based on this, we further analysis the grammatical function and pragmatic meaning of"ruhe(如何)".In the choice of questions and the non-questions"ruhe(如何)"in different structures exist some differences: some only used for interrogative usage, some can be used not only for the interrogative usage but non-interrogative usage, and some can only be used for the non-interrogative usage. only used for interrogative usage"ruhe(如何)"appears in at the end of a sentence was said to ask for some advice, But when the adverb "you(又)" in front of it and take a tag usage ,then the meaning of consultation disappears.The structure"又+如何"after the VP/AP only for tag usage.For example:"VP+(又+如何)","AP+(又+如何)"。Besides,"ruhe(如何)"aslo can appear in the end of compound-complex sentence,usually for consultation. used for interrogative and non-interrogative usage"ruhe(如何)"in the structures such a"s如何+VP","VP+如何","VP+de(得)+如何","如何+(动+'法')","NP+如何","如何+AP"have flexible choices between interrogative usage and non-interrogative usage.In terrogative usage,"ruhe(如何)"sometimes means interrogating the changes of the character or the ways and methods some actions happen; sometimes indicates negative;sometimes means interrogating the reasons; sometimes say the degree or results progression of the events; sometimes ask for consultation; sometimes means interrogating the attitude or opinion of something.In terrogative usage,"ruhe(如何)"can be used for indefinite and generally nominatum.when"ruhe(如何)"used for indefinite nominatum,usually means the ways and methods that speaker know but no need to say out. In addition, still can mean the speakers'exaggeration of the way that the behavior occurrence, condition appear.when"ruhe(如何)"used for generally nominatum,usually means the ways and methods that should not speak out.In addition, still can indicate universal-quantification in certain scope, At this time, usually need to accent, have stressed no matter how objective conditions change, Subjective how hard ,that it won't change the established direction of the events. only used for non-interrogative usage"ruhe(如何)"in the structures such as"如何+de(的)+VP","如何+de(的)+NP","如何+de(的)+AP","无论/不论+NP+如何+VP","无论/不管+NP+(如何)","无论/不管/无可+如何"only can used for interrogative usage. This mainly because the"ruhe(如何)"in the structures such as"如何+de(的)+VP","如何+de(的)+NP","如何+de(的)+AP"influenced by the auxiliary"de(的)",only indicates the way of the actions,the degree of the traits,it has real value.So,these structures only can use for non-interrogative usage,not for interrogative usage.From the distributions of the structures"无论/不论+NP+如何+VP","无论/不管+NP+如何","无论/不管/无可+如何",we can see that , The combining relationship between"无论/不管"and"ruhe(如何)"became more and more closely, finally formed an idioms, have stressed no matter how objective conditions change, subjective effort how hard ,that it won't change the established direction of the events."ruhe(如何)"in the three structures can only for non-interrogative usage.In addition,"ruhe(如何)"is also can be discourse markers,as starting sentence in the beginning of the sentence group,lead the speaker's opinion or assertions.