A Research On Ernest Hemingway's Novels In Eco-criticism Perspective

Entering into the 21st century, the environmental problems have become even more prominent with the productive forces highly developed and science and technological levels changing with each passing day. Men and nature are not only antagonistic forces but also flesh and blood in the long history of human beings. We have never paid so much attention to the ecological problems before. Now we are accustomed to viewing things from ecological perspective in the ideological and cultural fields. In the fields of literature and culture, it witnesses the rise of the eco-criticism which is different from the traditional theory of literary criticism in that it emphasizes the ecological responsibilities that men shoulder for the whole nature, so does literary criticism. Today, eco-criticism of foreign countries is in the ascendant while our domestic eco-criticism is in the infancy stage of research. Ecological literary criticism is a subject which is focused on ecological protection and research the relationship between ecological environment and literature. The most important task of ecological literary criticism is to reveal ecological meanings in literary works and arouse people's awareness of ecological protection as well as reconstruct ecological balance of human beings and nature.Hemingway , both as a world famous writer in the 20th century and a man who is close to the nature, has a close contact with the nature whether for his own experience or the his works. For decades, experts both home and abroad showed great interest in Hemingway's works. Researches of his works from ecological perspective have already been underway abroad and there are a number of research results. This thesis aims at analyzing Ernest Hemingway's works from the ecological perspective, and exploring natural factors such as the relationship between man and nature and the natural return of the human beings both physically and mentally. And it also intends to construct and deliver an ecological way of thinking and reading, wake up our awareness of ecological protection and achieve a state of balance physically and mentally.This thesis is divided into three parts, the first part tells the origin and development of eco-criticism. The second part describes Hemingway's close ties with nature and elaborates the embodiment of natural factors in his works as well as reveals the Hemingway's contradictive views of nature and the importance of ecological return. The third part further elaborates the ecological factors in perspective of social ecology and spiritual ecology in Hemingway's works because in today's society, ecological crisis exists not only between men and nature, but also between men and society and among men themselves as well as in the internals of mankind. At the same time, this part also reveals the way of solving spiritual crisis and accessing ecological balance spiritually.