The Overseas Naval Students Sent Dring The Period Of Nanjing National Government

This thesis makes a comprehensive study on the overseas naval students sent during the Nanjing National Government Period from the political, military as well as the international relationship perspective. The purpose of this thesis is to reveal the efforts of the Nanjing National Government to develop the naval force in the complicated international environment and the impacts of the returned naval students on the war of resistance, the foundation of China and the construction of naval forces in Taiwan and mainland China. In addition to the introduction and conclusion part, this thesis has four chapters. The introduction part is devoted to explain why this topic is chosen, the scope of this topic, a retrospection of the previous studies, the significance as well as the research method of this thesis.The first chapter is the governors'concept of naval development. It analyzes the senior governors'concept of naval development and their contemplation of sending overseas naval students at the early years of the Republic of China. By analyzing the Naval building thoughts of Sun zhong san, Jiang jie shi and Chen shao kuang, consider that the senior governors of The Republic of China have attach importance to the Naval construction, and recognize the importance of sending the naval students. The second chapter is about the dispatch of naval students at the beginning of Pacific War. It probes into the overseas naval students sent toBritain, Japan, the United States, Germany and Italy. There was a long naval paterniship between China and Britain, In order to expand military influence in China and maintain the trade security in the southeast coast, Britain accepted 7 batches of 56 Chinese naval students before the Pacific War.China sent eight naval students to Japan learn the Navy munitions, torpedoes in Sept.1930. Since then, the two sides maintain cooperation in warships order, Navy consultants sent, Naval College enrollment.But with the deterioration of Sino-Japanese relations, Sino-Japanese military cooperation opportunities for ended. There was a special economic and military interest between China and Germany, namely from1935 to 1938, China sent 3 batches of 19 naval cadets to Germany to learn swift sailor tactics and 4 batches of 28 naval cadets (part of them transferred from Britain and Italy) to learn submarine tactics. Since then, with the relations between Germany and Japan increasingly close, the Chinese cadets were forced to return home respectively in July and in September 1939. In addition, the Nanjing National Government sent 6 naval cadets in total to the U. S to learn charts measuring and electrical engineering in August 1929 and in November 1933 respectively. In March 1934, the Government sent to Italy another 6 naval cadets who then transferred to Germany to learn the submarine.The third chapter is devoted to the investigation of overseas naval students sent after the explosion of Pacific War.With the outbreak of Pacific War and the establishment of the strategic alliance among China, United States and Britain, the naval students sent to United States and Britain mainly participate in the war practice, shipbuilding and other trainings, which arrangement is made from respective strategic interests. China sent a total of more than 2,000 naval officers to the United Kingdom and the United States for training. Though, they did not march to the Pacific theater after returned home, this batch of naval officers made important contributions to the National Government post-war Navy reconstruction and the Navy construction of both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Chapter IV is about the role these overseas naval students play in the war of resistance, the foundation of China and the construction of naval forces in Taiwan and mainland China.In the Conclusion part, the thesis reviews two groups of overseas naval students sent by the Nanjing national government at different periods. This thesis also suggests that the training of naval students by other countrys were reversed and had another purpose, the development of the overseas naval students and the research on this topic has its practical significance today.