On The Translation Of Loan Words From English Into Modern Chinese Language

AbstractLoan wordin Chinese, "PF$W"), also called foretw word or borrowedword(in Chinese, "{ffW") by some linguists, has existed in Chinese for a very longtime. ln our language there are a large axnount of loan words borrowed fromEnglish, which concem almost any field of the social life. According to the sourcelanguages, loan words can be classified into many types coming from such asEnglish, JaPanese, Korean and French. For instance, "4ffn", ..n$E E,,, ..H4,,, "kgN" came from English; "Im", ..$E,,, ..gm,', "Kl" came fromJapanese; "gq%m',, "%is#" came from Korean. According to whether they comeinto Chinese directly or via other languages, they can also be classified into twotypes--loan words directly borrowed into Chinese and loan words indirectlyborrowed into Chinese. Most loan words like "+n1", ..@m,,, ..3ta,,, ..R,,, ..kA]A", and .'Aff" are borrowed into Chinese directly from their original languages,and the second type of words like "a", "g,,, ..tR", "tg" are borrowed in fromLatin via English, and "K1" and "$#" came from English via Japanese.GeneraIly speaking, the traditional research on loan words tends to classify themvaguely, in accordance with the fields in which they are used, into four types f a.loan words conceming science and technology; b. loan words conceming literature,sports and arts, c. loan words concerning politics and economy; d. Ioan wordsconcerning people's daily life. In the long history of Chinese, many loan wordswere introduced into Chinese and became part of Chinese language. This kind oflexical assimilation has great1y enriched Chinese vocabulary, promoting thedevelopment of Chinese language. And it also provided native speakers of Chineselanguage with new information, and broadened their vision. Through these loanwords, they could have more information about other countries and other cultures.In addition, these loan words could benefit the communication of Chinese languageusers, and facilitated the development of Chinese society. Loan words areintroduced into Chinese from foreign languages. During the process of thisintroduction, translation is the only channel. A good translation of the loan word isvery important for the target text to achieve its readability and closeness to thesource tCxt, and it also Provides a good basis fOr the tTanslation of the same kind oftext, preparing language materials to be chosen from. The study of loan word translation is of great significance in both theory and practice. In theory, it is an indispensable part of the translation theory and lexicology, and can facilitate the study of sociology and cultural psychology. In addition, its great contribution to the development of Chinese language and cross-cultural communication cannot be neglected. In practice, such research can help us understand what theoreticalprinciples we should observe and what technique we can employ according to a specific contexts and situations in translating loan words. Although loan wordtranslation practice has existed for long, its translation theory is still a new field for us to probe into. Therefore, recently the translation of Loan words has always been the problem that receives great attention from translators, linguists and experts in many subjects. In this paper the author applies the sociosemiotic approach, an approach famous for its comprehensiveness and scientificity in translation, to loan word translation, and combines the theory of meaning and function in this approach with five traditionally-used loan word translation techniques, which are respectively pure transliteration, partial tone, pure free translation, transliteration plus paraphrase, and participation of foreign words, in order to find a reliable and operable standard and direction for the translation of new loan words. Through detailed analysis on the types and translation techniques of loan words coming from English, he comes to the conclusion that a well translated loan word and its English original should...