| Recent years, The research on the modern local area history is always the hot spot in the research field of modern history home and abroad, and there are many relevant papers. However , the relevant papers was written by the people in the relative developing area such as the plain of North China, the Changjiang Delta and the Zhujiang Delta. While to the grand west especially in the Northwest area it is not enough. Therefore ,if we have a logic inspection on the modern transformation in the Northwest Area, it will not only enrich the content of modern local area history, but also provide some suggestion on the exploiting of the west.This paper focuses on the logical inspection on action and policy which the Nanjing National Government's exploiting on the Northwest of China Before Anti-Japan. One hand, the writer concludes some experience and lessons from Nanjing National Government's action on the exploiting; On the other hand, the writer expects to have an assessment to the working and construction of the whole nations before the Anti-Japan, and from assessment we can analyse and research the Nanjing National Government better.It should be said that it was not optimistic that the Nanjing Government exploited the Northwest which was ever called the hell on earth because its economy stagnated, its politics corrupted, war continued, warlord and bandit run wildly, and people leaded a very hard life. What's more, from 1928, the Northwest had so frequent natural calamity that make it more hard. But the soil of this area was very rich in the resources of biology and mines which was so important to a poor nation. And these resources were the unresisting temptation for Nanjing National Government. Contemporaneously, In 1931, the Sep. 18th Incident was broken out, many men would breath of vision, regarded the exploiting from doomits survival. The trend and thoughts were expanded in China and have great effect on Nanjing National Government. In some degree, the thoughts got its attention to the Northwest.The thought of exploiting the Northwest should date back to sunzhongshan's thoughts about exploiting the Northwest. Sunzhongshan thought that it should put emphasis primarily on the transportations and then according to the local condition, develop the reclamation and mining, meanwhile raised money and cultivated more talent in order to strengthen the basis of developing the Northwest. All his thought became the original mission of Nanjing National Government. However, Nanjing National Government had its own consideration on the action of exploiting the Northwest. From the angle of nation's defense, the exploiting of the Northwest can make the Northwest became the basic camp which resist foreign enemy and ensure its survival. From the angle of politics, it can strengthen its domination. From the angle of economy, it can carry forward the sunzhongshan's spirit of the Principle of People's Livelihood, and keep balance of the national economic trend of different areas and so push the development of national economy. Consequently, the Nanjing National Government prologue to the construction of the Northwest.Nanjing National Government took the 3 steps strategy. Firstly, in order to work smoothly, they had broad and all-directed investigation and research on the Northwest's geography, environment, weather, economy politics, custom and so on. Secondly, on the basis of the thoughtful investigation and research., they worked out a series of exploited plan which involved in agriculture, industry, transportation and water conservancy and every plan was arranged closely and has its own budget which embodied its high scientific and logical. Thirdly, according to the local conditions, they selectively started the urgent construction at that time, hi the 6 years from 1932 to 1937, in the propose of Nanjing National Government,the Northwest economy had some certain development especially in its agriculture and transportation.We can get some experiences and lessons from the constructions of Nanjing National Government... |
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