Gestalt Viewpoint And Cognition Paradigm

Gestalt psychology is one of the main schools of the western modern psychology, which rose in Germany in 1912. Cognitive psychology (esp. information processing cognitive psychology in the dissertation) rose in the mid-1950s of the 20th century, which shocked and impacted behaviorism psychology strongly in its production and development, and became a dominant psychological paradigm for a long time. In probing into the rising and developmental factors of cognitive psychology, psychologically, numerous scholars agree that cognitive psychology not only had already carried on the empiricism of behaviorism and methodology of operation ism, but also had drawn lessons from Gestalt psychology in studying inner psychological process. The dissertation carries on systematic study about how cognitive psychology draws the achievements in research of forefathers, especially what kind of helpful achievements are drawn from theoretical research of Gestalt psychology and what gestalt psychology contribute to naissance and development of cognitive psychology. Through discussing promotion effect of Gestalt psychology in production and development of cognitive psychology, we expect that it can make more domestic psychology workers have a deeper understanding of Gestalt psychology, rehear the importance of Gestalt psychology in producing and developing cognitive psychology, examine overall and closely memory, thinking, perception and problem solving, and draw helpful reference and enlightenment from it while studying in practice.This thesis discusses in two respects about Gestalt psychology facilitation production and development of cognitive psychology: (1) memory study. Gestalt psychology put forward memory trace theory, which emphasized how stimulate context influences recall; They carried on the research of organizing the factors in memory for the first time, and emphasized that one could gain more impact if he memorized by managing organization strategy; They studied the function of stimulate distinctiveness; Von Restorff put forward famous isolation effect; Koffka stressed ego; They researched retroactive inhibition, proactive inhibition and primacy effect; Theserespects attached great importance to modern cognitive psychology. For example, cognitive psychology in the highlight of stimulate background was polarization of that of content in Gestalt psychology; Cognitive psychology and Gestalt psychology were similar that they accentuated organization factor and put forward many strategies; Cognitive psychology studied stimulate distinctiveness; They discussed forgetting in short-term memory, retroactive inhibition, proactive inhibition, primacy effect and recency effect, which incarnated the research of Gestalt psychology; Koffka' s discussion about ego explained implicit memory. (2)Problem solving. Gestalt psychology came up with insight theory and stressed that it was a production process of insight about problem solving. The early cognitive psychologists Simon and Newell explained insight and re-structuring of Gestalt psychology by using viewpoint of information processing, and designed computer programmes to simulate these psychology phenomena. They pointed definitely that theory of Duncker and Selz was conducive to the establishment of cognitive psychology about problem solving.The major contribution of Gestalt psychology was that it insisted studying perception, memory and thinking when behaviorism psychology was in vogue, which promoted the transformation of behaviorism psychology into cognition, and this created profitable conditions that cognitive psychology had cognition try back. Some experiments and theories of Gestalt psychology formed the base of production and development of cognitive psychology, and some had become basic viewpoints and important sects of cognitive psychology. For example, they stressed synthetic study of cognition, and regarded positivity and go-aheadism of cognition. In conclusion, before cognitive psychology came into being Gestalt psychology began to study cognition and laid a solid foun...