Narratologies In The Discourse Of Post Structuralism-Deconstructism

As a quite important element of postmodern theory, post structuralism-deconsturctism builds its status and reputation on the severe rebellion against structuralism. It's safe to say that the ideological trend of post structualism-deconsturctism just happened in the very interior of structuralism. As one of the philosophical thoughts, post structualism-deconsturctism opposes the logocentric and binary-oppositional thinking pattern in Saussure's theory of linguistics, stands for the deconstruction of subject and authority and requests for the break of the theory of order and system. The central problem on which post structualists-deconsturctists concentrate is the finitude of human being. What all of them are quite interested in is the problem concerned with language and this school has formed a series of viewpoints that has deeply influenced the way we think about the postmodern society. As for the method used by post structualists-deconsturctists , most of them had a footing on the thorough read of texts. Whatever their thorough read of philosophical texts, historical texts or literary texts, the thinking and the research way used by post structualists-deconsturctists has been learned and taken as a model by literature theorists and literature critics from then on.The classical narratology is the descendant of both structualism-movement and Prop's research of folktale, who is regarded as one of the representatives of Russia formalism and attaches importance to the inside and abstract study of narrative texts. The classical narratologists regarded a piece of narrative work as a closed object, restricted their sight within the text itself and took it for granted that they could remove their subjectivity and bias, analyze and represent the work objectively while they were doing the research. What they looked for was the deep organization and structure which they thought must hide somewhere behind the surface of the text. Headed by Jacques Derrida, post structualism landed on America in the end of 1960s and heavily influenced the whole academic field of USA. The American literature theorists and critics assimilated and remade the points of the French post structuaralists, gradually formed a series of theory to rethink and transform the structural narratology. That is what narratologies come from. So, when we talk about narratologies, we just refer to the post-classical or postmodern narrative theory appeared in the West since 1990s. The assimilation and absorption of what narratologies have exerted on poststructuaralism-deconstructism shows these four facets in summary: 1.fight against totalitarianism and centerization, opposing the right interpretation; 2.agree that language is established by usage as well as usual practice, while admitting that the meaning of the text is indefinite; 3.emphasize on readers' initiative and the intention of reading action; 4.1et the analysis of ideology come into the field of narratologies and care about the ideological tendency of literature. On the other hand, American narratologists don't unconditionally accept or consent what post structualists-deconstructists have said. In fact, they criticize the bias of post structualism-deconstructism and rethink of its defects: 1.rethink the point of "decentering the subject", arguing that it's impossible to avert the intention of an author; 2.resume the relation of the text with the reality; 3.disagree with the tendency of "textual criticism", turning over to think and trying to correct the deconstructual idea of irrationalism and agnosticism. Now that post narratologists directly take the idea of post structualism on the one hand, transform some viewpoints of it and discard the others of what they think is wrong on the other hand, we can firmly grasp the changes of the classical narratology in the discourse of post structualism and improve our understanding of the idea as well as the evolution of American narratologies after 1990s by placing the thoughts of narratologies into the discourse of post structualism-deconstuctism and going deeply int...