Comparison Of Liang Qichao's And Zhang Junmai's Opinion Of Culture Around The May 4～(th) Movement

Around the May 4^th Movement of 1919,the mental enlightenment had been advanced to the field of culture in China. Several controversies happended in the field of thoughts round about how to develop Chinese culture and how to choose between the Chinese traditional culture and the Western modern culture.Liang Qichao and Zhang Junmai analyzed the Chinese and Western cuture thoroughly and offered their personal opinion. They opposed not only the renewal of national culture which excluded Western culture but also the comprehensive westernization which excluded national culture. They proposed retaining the inherent characteristic of Chinese traditional culture as well as absorbing the superiority of Western culture, so as to promote the modernization of national culture. This thesis reviews the modern precursor's exploration and thinking of the development of Chinese culture through comparing Liang Qichao's and Zhang Junmai's opinion of culture,which provides us with an important reference to the development of Chinese contemporary culture.There are seven parts in this thesis.The first part is the introductory. The author elaborates the research meaning of this thesis, introduces the status of research on Liang Qichao and Zhang Junmai and introduces the author's train of thoughts.Chapter one discusses the background about the Liang Qichao's andZhang Junmai's opinion of culture forming. The author analyzes the factors which influences their thoughts' formation and convertion.From chapter two to chapter five, the author analyses the similarities differences between Liang Qichao's and Zhang Junmai's opinion of culture. They divided the culture into material culture and mental culture. They regarded the Chinese culture as mental culture and regarded the Western culture as material culture. They analysed the merit and demerit of Western culture, reviewed the negative effect of the Western culture and criticized Chinese tradition culture. Liang Qichao used modern western thoughts system to reform Chinese traditional culture. Zhang Junmai passed judgement on Chinese traditional culture from several aspects. After comparing the Chinese culture and Western culture, they put forward their personal suggestion. They propose renew the Chinese traditional culture on the basis of absorbing the modern particularities of the Western culture.The last part is conclusion. The author analyses collectively the similarities and differences between the Liang Qichao's and Zhang Junmai's opinion of culture. Their opinion of culture was come down in one continuous line. Zhang Junmai succeeded and developed the Liang Qichao's opinion of culture.