A Study Of The Existential Connotation In Marxist Philosophy And Its Contemporary Significance

The contemporary appearance of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy is of great theoretical importance in current academic study of the modernity of Marxist philosophy. It's theoretical gist is, by an attempt to construct existentialism on the basis of ontology, to re-establish for human being a metaphysical theoretical promise in the real world. Base on the sensuous objective activity of human beings, it constructs the fundamental historical meaning and implication of human existence, so as to break through completely the transcendentalist nature of traditional philosophies—the concern of human existence and the pursuit of meaning—from a historical perspective. Historicity is its core.However, the academic attitudes diverse in understanding Marxist philosophy from the existential perspective, and there have been controversies since the beginning at the study. Scholars mainly believe that this understanding not only overestimate the"revolutionary"meaning of the philosophical subject-change realized by contemporary western philosophies, but also may lead to"Heideggerize Marxist philosophy"or"neglecting the'distinction in principle'between Marxism and contemporary western existential philosophies."This theoretical situation, on one hand, shows that there's still much to do in the study of existentialism in Marxist philosophy, such as the inexplicit definition of the connotation of the existential thoughts in Marxist philosophy, the inadequacy in the testimony of the"legitimacy"of the existential explanation of Marxist philosophy, etc; while on the other hand, shows that some scholars, sticking to the so-called"revolutionary"meaning of Marxism, refuse to be more open-minded in reinforcing the communication and inter-explanation between Marxism and other theories ,especially the contemporary western philosophies, and therefore get trapped into a conservative situation. With regard to the former, the key is to reinforce the contemporary study of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy. While in terms of the latter, it should be understood from two aspect—theory or reality—the historical inevitability of the contemporary appearance of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy. From the first aspect, the internal logic of theory, the theoretical dilemma that Marxism has been frequently misunderstood by the traditional way of philosophical thinking makes it possible historically to open up a dialogue between Marxism and contemporary western philosophies, which have surpassed fundamentally the traditional way of philosophical thinking and explored an"existential turn", from the second aspect ,the actual need of the times, the living dilemma people now are facing and the need of the times urge Marxism to have theoretical expression of this kind and to show its concern over the times, so as to reveal the"contemporaneity"it should possess as"an era in thoughts".Therefore, this thesis is arranged as follows:First, on the basis of defining initially the basic connotation of the existential thoughts in Marxist philosophy, and combined with different attitudes in contemporary academic world toward whether Marxist philosophy can to explained from existential perspective ,this thesis makes an overall confirmation to the modernity of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy. In view of the current theoretical situation, to reach an agreement in the understanding of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy, the key are": on one hand, we are to face serious the revolutionary significance of the subject-change realized by contemporary western philosophies, on the other hand ,we should examine deeply the internal limitations and historical dilemma in Marxism's traditional way of development, and combine them with the realistic need of the development of the times, so as to make definite the historical inevitability for the contemporary appearance of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy.Second, this thesis explains in detail the historical conditions for the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy to appear. From the perspective of the background of the times, people nowadays are generally in a historical environment of"overall alienation", which, to be specific, refers to the alienation between man and nature, in man-to-man relations and in man himself, and it's a state of"object-drawing"with man's living losing its meaning as a precondition. From the perspective of the ideological resources, on one hand, the traditional explanation of Marxist philosophy has many limitations and inadequacies, which constitute the historical premise and the starting point of thinking for Marxist philosophy to step into contemporary times and open up its existential connotation, on the other hand, the western existential philosophies, which have opened up the"existentialism turn"in contemporary western philosophies, constitute the theoretical objective and ideological resources for Marxist philosophy to open up a critical and constructive dialogue with them.A historical narration of the background of the times and ideological resources will definitely help understand more about the sense of history and sense of the times of the contemporary appearance of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy, and therefore construct a solid theoretical premise for the further demonstration about the establishment and basic contents of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy: First, combined with Marx's thorough criticism toward traditional philosophies, to reveal its basic theoretical principle that help it establish a existential perspective: sensuous objective activities; second, by analyzing the basic connotation of the sensuous objective activities, to make further development of the theoretical construction and gist of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy; third, with a contract in principle between the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy and the existentialism in contemporary western philosophies, to clarify different theories.Finally, this thesis displays the contemporary significance of the appearance of the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy from two stages: theory and reality. Theoretically speaking, it realizes an utmost surpass of the traditional philosophies, so as to provide for other theoretical subjects fundamental instructions from philosophical outlook; realistically speaking, it helps solve the dilemma of the times and the confusion of living now people are facing, and historically reveal and enrich the significance of Man's living.To sum up, the research significance of this thesis mainly lies in: by revealing the existential connotation in Marxist philosophy, this thesis shows better theoretical concern over the realistic dilemma of the times, and truly reflects their interactions and inter-explanation. The break-through in this thesis is that, by a systematical clarification of the background of the times and ideological resources, the understanding I strengthened about the historical inevitability for the contemporary appearance of the existential connotation of Marxist philosophy. The approach adopted in this thesis is mainly a combination of history and logic.