Shanxi Merchants And Transformation Of Rural Society In Ming Dynasty

The researche of jin-merchant has been an important subject on the economic history .The study on the histroy of regional societies has beening padded more people's attention , The researches of jin-merchant appearances new researche trends:thnning the researche field , expanding contents of researche,. thnning the researche field means that the area and the goup of the researche becoming smoller , The researche of jin-merchant are favor of studying region business group of Shanxi; expanding contents of researche means making a big researche on a small group,speaking bussiness just for bussiness no longer ,making a relationship between region business group of Shanxi and the change of the rural society,studing.There is no special works on the content about "the merchant in the south of Shanxi region with the change of the rural society during the ming dynasty "on academic circles,this paper research influeuce of the appearance of merchants in the sonth of Shanxi and the relationgship of their activity with the the change of the rural society with research method of historiography,sociolgy,economics and geography sciencesand so on..The full text being composed by exordium,body text,concluding remarks,refs.The exordium except include the academic review,besic definition of the time,the arear,the rechearch contents,the brief summary of situation of the sonth of Shanxi merchants. The body text is composed by three chapters:The first chapter discusses after the he appearance of merchants in the sonth of Shanxi,the famirly in this area have new changs. In terms of relationship of famirly ,the relationship of spouse is very impermanence,the fanirly appearances dilaceration ;there are only relative and responsibility in the terms of the generation relationship ,there is no exchang,understand. In terms of function of famirly ,the changes of economic function being showed that the major income of the fanirly is changed from agriculture to business,the consumption of famirly has being more and more luxury . In terms of the of function of the fanirly support and fanirly tending ,the change is that the responsibility of famiriy support and famirly shouid be undertaked by the spouse ,but undertaked by the wife only.An other change is that the family education is more attention to imperial examinations. Tthere are two trends in terms of famirly structure ,the small famirlys appearce in a large number ,at the same time the big famirlys are maintenced.The second chapter discussse what community activities the south Shanxi merchants take park in ,analysis a change that those activities over the south Shanxi the rural society. Merchants of south Shanxi take part in community activities ,such as community education,communal relief,community construction,community defense.Those activities reaction to changes over the south rarul Shanxi.Those changes are showed by four aspects:first ,there are a large number people in south Shanxi go out for businesses,that phenomenon impact the traditional household registration structure,.secondy the folk right is grasped by the the merechants of south Shanxi..thirdly the living space in this erea is developmented.At last the merechants of south Shanxi break closed position of the rural society.In terms of material exchanges and idea diffusion,there are acommunications and knows between different places.The third chapter discusses the formation of the south Shanxi merchant bang, the phenomenon that many merchants has become officials.There are two new characteristics in merchant class of Shanxi south area in Ming dynast. The first, the regional commercial group which symbolized with building a lot of guildhall gradually formed in the south of Shanxi province. The second, a large quantities of literaties joined into merchant class. This paper analyze the advantage of Confucian businessman and the reason of this phenomenon and it have great influence on the appearance of business ideological trend in rural society of Ming dynasty.