Communicative Intention And Functional Types Of "X Bi Y Hai W"

"x bi y hai w" is a comparative sentence we often use.It contains abundant pragrnatics functions.Based on language "subjectivity and subjectification" and rhetorical structure theories,and communicative intention,this paper explores the functional types of"x bi y hai w".The paper includes six chapters:The first chapter is the Introduction,including the summary of former research, theories and value of the research.In the former research about the functional types of "x bi y hai w",they have taken note of the subjectivity of"x bi y hai w",considering it not only can express comparison,but also can express assimilation,but the classifying standards aren't relative to pragmatics function.This causes the illegibility of the system.So,our aim is to differentiate and analyze the pragmatics functional types of"x bi y hai w".Chapter two is the reclassification for "x bi y hai w" according as communicative intention.We consider that there are three pragmatics functional types of "x bi y hai w":comparison(B),explanation-assimilation(S)and magnification-assimilation(K). The latter one includes magnification-assimilation in degree(Kc)and magnificationassimilation in character(Kx).Thereinto,(B)takes on compare function that is the most basic one in pragmatics functions of"x bi y hai w";(K)is a rhetorical structure which comes from the subjectification of the grammar structure "x bi y hai w",and it is one type of emphasized metaphor structure in ancient rhetoric;(S)is in the continuum of the grammar structure and the rhetorical structure,and it is a critical estate which hasn't finished the entire subjectification.We can know the relations and differences among the functional types of "x bi y hai w" expressly and dig out their essences after analyzing and comparing their pragmatics structures and syntaxsemantic structures.Chapter three is the pragmatics structures of pragmatics functional types of"x bi y hai w",including focus and presupposition.The focus of(S)is the same as(K)'s, and is different with(B)'s;the presupposition of(S)conform to(B)'s,and is different with(K)'s.This is because that focus incarnates communicative intention,when we make primary sorts of "x bi y hai w",we get(B)and(N);Presupposition incarnates speaker's subjectivity,(B)and(S)describe the presumable characters potentially, so their subjectivities are faint,and(K)describe the impossible characters potentially, so its subjectivity is strong.Chapter four is the syntax-semantic structures of pragmatics functional types of "x bi y hai w",referring to focus and presupposition.Based on the factors which are affected by focus and presupposition,the results of classifying are the same as chapter three's.This not only makes out that the phenomena which is pars of pragmatics structures of(S)are the same as(K)'s,and the other parts of pragmatics structures of (S)conform to(B)'s,are approved on syntax-semantic structures,but also implies that listeners may comprehend(S)to(B)or(K).Chapter five is a proving about(S)can be a pragmatic ambiguity after defining the inscapes of pragmatic ambiguity.There are two methods to eliminate pragmatic ambiguity:extending the common cognitive backgrounds of the listener and speaker or adding context.Chapter six is the conclusion which summarizes main viewpoints and deficiency of the whole paper.We consider that,"x bi y hai w" has three pragmatics functional types:comparison((B):taking on the most basic pragmatics function of "x bi y hai w":compare),magnification-assimilation((K):a rhetorical structure which comes from the subjectification of the grammar structure),and explanation-assimilation((S): can be a pragmatic ambiguity).Bi sentence is a two-dimensional structure on objectivity- subjectivity.In a word,this research helps us reconsider the relation between compare and assimilate and regard assimilate as an important cognitive type.Theoretically,it can emphasize affinity between grammar and pragmatics,and deepens studies of the ambiguity,and demonstrates rhetorical structure theories by sentences.Practically,it can enlightens grammar and figure of speech teaching,and clears up pragmatic ambiguity in intercourse.However,on account of the theories we use are new,there is a lack of investigation models and successful exemplifications.So,coalescent of theories and cases is not too much mature.Moreover,repetition of examples,and simple explaining on new concepts and so on,all need to be perfected in the future study.