The Rhetoric Function And Pragmatic Space Of The Sentence Pattern "A Meiyou (B) Name +adj."

This paper mainly talks about sentence pattern "A meiyou(B) name+adj." which is a "meiyou" comparative sentence,categorizes it in terms of communication purpose and research this sentence's other function besides comparison,in order to prove that rhetoric cause has an effect on some grammatical sentences and provide new examples for the opinion of "the grammatical sentences will become rhetoric sentences as soon as the rhetoric causes intervene in them ".The paper is composed of five chapters:Chapter 1:IntroductionThis chapter include research result about "A meiyou(B) name+adj.",give an account of research significance,research object and theory basis.Through reviewing the past research,this paper finds that predecessors have paid more attention on grammatical depiction which is confined to the limitation and demand of some elements in this sentence pattern.This paper intend to reconsider this sentence pattern from a pragmatic＆rhetoric angle,put forward "rhetoric comparative-sentences" which is so different from "grammatical sentences",in order to explain predecessors' divergence from dynamic pragmatic angle.Chapter 2:Classification of "A meiyou(B) name+adj."This chapter classifies "A meiyou(B) name+adj." in terms of subjective intention.This sentence pattern appears as a negative comparative-sentence which can be categorized into "compare A and B,praise A,disparage A,praise B,disparage B,negate A,negate B" according to cognitive focus and emotional tendency.While the sort of comparison exercises basic function "comparing", Other six sorts have their own semantic functions which form communication types such as "conservative praise,mild criticize,strongly set off,disparage,satirize,polite refute,express dissatisfaction,threaten,refute and so on".We merge these six forts into "rhetoric comparative-sentences"Chapter3:Grammatical display and composing methods of rhetorical sentence "A meiyou(B) name+adj." This chapter objects to "negative category" and "comment category" for discussion,research grammatical conditions and display of all sorts in two categories.Combined with semantic function,pragmatic effect and communicative methods,We reveal that speakers who are influenced by subjective emotional-tendency and communicative methods will be able to compose a comparative-sentence by inserting or omitting B,adding "name(那么)",choosing commendatory or derogatory adj.as comparative result,so as to meet the need of semantic functions and attain the pragmatic effect.The space which is created by grammar brings condition for rhetoric cause to entering into the sentences.Chapter4:The conditions which make "A meiyou(B) name+adj."being a rhetoric structureThis chapter discusses the conditions which make "A meiyou(B) name+adj." being a rhetoric structure.Inner conditions include two aspects:" grammatical basis" and "semantic basis".In grammar field,concealing and omitting B,adding "name(那么)" will expand the subjective space of this sentence pattern, while commendatory or derogatory adj.will evoke speaker's emotional tendency; In semantic field,the psychology effect which is aroused by the basic function of this sentence pattern just meet the demand of rhetoric cause.External condition is just the rhetorical cause,mainly "decision-making cause" and "mutual-communication cause".Involved with "rhetoric cause",the speaker compose the comparative sentence "A meiyou(B) name+adj." by compelling to insert B.Both inner and external conditions help to bring forth the rhetoric structure.Chapter5:Summarizing the major opinion of this paper and pointing out the shortcomingsCombined with four chapters before,we find that previous research only concentrate on the grammar of "meiyou(没有)" comparative sentences,but neglect the sentence's complication in practical using."A meiyou(B)name+adj." is a sentence pattern which has regular pragmatic space.As soon as being involved by rhetoric cause,it will not compare for comparing,but for denying and commending.So the semantic focus is not on the distance between A and B, but on the degree of the adj.that A or B has reached to.The function of denying and commending has exceeded the basic comparative function in the dialogue. For rhetoric comparative-sentences,comparison is the beginning but not the ending.As a conclusion,this paper find the rhetoric cause hidden behind the sentence pattern "A meiyou(B) name+adj.",as well as the semantic function and pragmatic effect.This paper believes that sometimes using a comparative structure is just one kind of strategy,which aims to realize certain rhetoric cause,but not only comparison.This paper put semantic and syntactic analysis in motion through rhetoric cause,find out the pragmatic space of the sentence pattern,provide another evidence for the existence of "rhetoric structure",and compensate for present grammar research in gap-comparison field.Meanwhile, This paper recognizes the grammatical and pragmatic functions about "comparing" and "denying" more clearly,and offers some practical help for Chinese teaching＆learning.