The Research Of Subjection's Finitude

The problem of subject has existed since the existence of human beings. The emergence of the subject and the object is a product of human beings' recognizing and practicing activities in the world. The subject is people's self-positioning of relationship among the world, which shows the fundamental characteristics of people as human beings: cognition of their own, cognition of the relationship among the world and the understanding of that cognition, that is, reflection.Above all, this paper discussed the meaning of subject and the development course of subject thinking. From the most basic analysis of the concept of subject, through the analysis of development of subject thinking in Western philosophy and Marxist philosophy, it discussed the development course of subject thinking. Then it pointed out two shortcomings of traditional subject thinking: the unlimited desire to go beyond people's cognitive intelligence and unlimited desire to practice of survival, to ignore the fundamental characteristics of finitude nature of the subject, which resulting in many problems of modernization.Secondly, it discussed the meaning, content and significance of the subject finitude idea. Starting with the most basic meaning of the subject finitude, it analyzed the finitude from three dimensions, which are the finitude of subject existence, the finitude of subject cognition, the finitude of subject practice. Analyzing through the idea of the classic original work of Chinese and Western philosophy and Marxist philosophy, it pointed out that the finitude idea has already existed. And then it pointed out the great significance of finitude idea in the ontology, methodology and values.Finally, it discussed the significance of finitude idea in the analysis of practical problems. From three points of view, the finitude of social transformation, the finitude of administrative power and the finitude of economic decision-making, it analyzed the critique of finitude idea to blind social transformation projects, expansion of executive powers and rational decision-making theory in detail. It showed the importance of finitude idea as the foundation the existence of subject to healthy development of modern society.