| "Truth" is an important concept in philosophy,of which the "Truth" of James has an important place in the history of philosophy, his view on "Truth" is the core of the pragmatic philosophy. "To meet the concept and the reality means Truth",To explain his pragmatism on "Truth",James reads this sentence from a few parts.James believes that "it" means the object of an objective reality. As different people's thoughts can have the same object and the idea of the same individual can have the same object at different times.Therefore,the object can exist in isolation from the concept,which provides the basis for James's opposition to idealism.James believes that the true line should be a boot process. The traditional line is of a static, relatively empty.In his heart "line" should not be a static process.Though the copy is an important way for "consistent with",it is by no means a major way. The reason is that, even if we can believe that the emotional concept is a copy of the reality, but the rational idea can never copy the external.Therefore, the view that the "line" is the copy of the "Reality" is not appropriate.James emphasizes that "consistent" should be a boot process.He said: "The so-called 'consistent' can only mean that we have been guided to it, or to the reality's surrounding area or to the occurrence of actual contaction with it, so it is more better to deal with it or things associated with it than the time that it does not meet with the "Reality"whether in intellectual or in fact."James believes that there are two forms to confirm the truth:One is the direct confirmation, it means that we confirm the concept through the objective fact that we have seen through the eyes of us and it means the direct examination of the validity of our concept.It is a direct and complete confirmation. It is not necessary that everyone is needed to prove the concept of truth,sometimes indirectly confirmation expresses cost-effective.For two considerations we give up direct evidence:first, in order to save time; Second, because things are not alone, but exist in categories,so we only need to confirm the previous concept of a class directly, and do not need to go prove it.Thus, James believes that the indirect is as efficient as the direct.For this,James made the credit system of the truth.The concept of "utility" plays an important role in James's theory of Truth.Pragmatic truth is called pragmatism, which is inseparable from James. James said "the truth is useful, because it is true; or that it is true, because it is useful, the two words mean the same." His words represent the point of view from philosophy of pragmatism in the relationship between truth and utility.In other words,"Use is the truth.""Truth is effective" has two meanings in James's philosophy:One is the truth can and must be able to show the utility; Another is the concept of utility, in turn, proves this concept be true.Here James saw the value of truth, truth and value are two integral part and important factors of our practice.In the practice of our lives, if we comply with the law of the objective well,then we can make better use of objective things for us.So the relationship between truth and value is: the intrinsic basis of value is truth.The value is the utility generated from the truth in practice.They are mutually tolerantand they achieve a specific and dynamic unity in the practice of the human society.We can see that there are many reasonable places in James's Pragmatic Theory of Truth,and there are significant limitations too. The reason why "Use is the truth"of him will be attacked by so many people is objective. We should look at James's Pragmatic Theory of Truth dialecticly to find the important contribution of it in the history of human knowledge.It is no longer just focus on the nature of truth, but stress the occurrence of the process of truth;It no longer merely pay attention to a reflection of the truth-oriented features,but more respect the role in the guidance of the truth;He is not in worship at the foot of the objectivity of truth,and it focuses on exploring the relations between values of truth and human;The truth that he is looking for is closely related to our present life;It has great theoretical significance for us to enrich and develop the Marxism Truth. |
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