Rearch On Rise And Fall Of The Tragedy Of The Early Qing Dynasty

The concept of "Rise and Fall of tragedy" was proposed by Xie Bailiang in "History of the Chinese tragedy"and it accurately summarized the"radical","earth shattering"and dynasty-replaced background in the early Qing Dynasty, when a sense of Rise and Fall lasted for half a century as a kind of time feeling. The theater in Shun and Hong dynasties was occupied by a large number of tragedies which wrote about nostalgia and pain of ruin of nation. In the two forms of creative fields of legendary and drama, they together formed a main current of tragedy at the time. No time has such profound meaning, and in the breadth and depth no tragedy can be compared with those of rise and fall of early Qing Dynasty. The tragedy of the rise and fall is rise and fall of a sense of revealing, which generated from the brutal dynasty-replaced environment.They described the current political struggle directly or indirectly through the historical themes, or expressed the extreme grief of the ruin of nation through separation and integration of love, reflected profoundly the reasons leading to the fall of dynasty, showed the thinking of the history and the sadness of th e reality, was the show of the value choice in the special historical period and was the result after a reflection of the human suffering. Rise and fall of the tragedy of the early Qing reflected the ideal that the intellectuals in dynasty-replaced time hoped to recover traditional culture, objectively demonstrated the complicateness and magnificence in the turmoil, expressed the thick disillusionment of rise and fall, were filled with deep sad atmosphere and strong sense of nostalgia and pains and possessed the authentic, extensive and profound and realistic features. They expresses the sense of the era of the intellectuals, held high hopes of their own dynasty-replaced thinking and reflected the sense of vicissitudes prevailing at that time. The theme of the Rise and Fall tragedy is hatred of loss of home and county and lament of rise and fall. In the intense turbulence society of the late Ming and the early Qing, in order to save the Ming dynasty, many rise and fall tragedy writers upheld national integrity and around the core issue"official and non-official"created many tragic characters with their pens full of tears. These people had their own distinct features of character and highlighted their righteous clank steel image and extreme upright, flashing a distinctive era color. In a certain sense, these tragic figures were the spokesmen of author images. The tragic conflicts in rise and fall tragedy in early Qing were very strong, the acuteness of which were comparable to that of the western tragic conflicts. The inner conflicts in a small rise and fall tragedies which had no feature of external conflict were very fierce.There was no coincidence that the tragedies in early Qing occurred, which were the tragedies with special significance and new characteristics in a particular context of dynasty-replaced of Ming and Qing. They were formed by a number of different writers in the same period, who experienced many hardships, felt the profound tragic experience from their hearts, or osmosised the sad mood and without previous arrangement chose the same type of material to deposit their thinking of native country, reflecting a passed Confucian cultural complex for thounds of years. The rare theme in rise and fall tragedies in early Qing was never read in the previous dramas, with their own unique value.The root causes why the rise and fall tragedies of the early Qing occurred were the brutal era and the deeply rooted Confucian culture anxiety feelings. The cruel reality that the traditional Confucian culture was badly ruined and the etiquettes were seriously destroyed made the intellectuals produce beyond-reality motive and became the source of tragic consciousness. Meanwhile, the tragic consciousness possessed various senses with the nature of Confucian culture. The playwrights who experienced nation-ruined grief expressed the sorrow of the times of their own with the special Arts of tragedy at the forefront of the times.The tragedies not only inherited the neutral beauty and artistic conception in the traditional tragedy but also surpassed the traditional aesthetic style of the tragedy, attained the beauty as noble as that Western aesthetics, reflected the characteristics of the times of the tragedy style in dynasty-replaced time and showed aesthetic style of the rise and fall tragedy in the early Qing dynasty from history and society.In addition, the rise and fall tragedy in the early Qing dynasty was of highly cultural values and was a dazzling tragedy cultural flower which was watered with their lives and blood and tears on the basis of practice and traditional culture. The rise and fall tragedy in the early Qing dynasty should occupy an important position in Chinese tragic history, possessed distinct features different from of those of Yuan and Ming dynasties and became a unique aesthetic style in early Qing. With superb art techniques and unique tragedy art forms, they truly reproduced Ming loyalist playwrighters'tears of mountains and rivers. The playwrighters left a huge unique cultural heritage to the ancient Chinese tragic history by accident and created a profound impact on the whole Qing tragedy. The dynasty-replaced pain, the ethnic-governed hatred, the sense of crisis of the dumping feudal building and the heavy footsteps of the feudal doomsday were already demonstrated in the rise and fall tragedy in the early Qing dynasty. They truly recorded the bitter years of pain and had a direct effect on the tragic style of the latter part of Qing dynasty in tragedy emotion.