On Slack Winter Learning Campain And Social Change Of Shanxi Hebei And Chahaer Anti-Japanese Boder Area

"Slack Winter Learning"can be defined as an education model, which was carried out in slack time of winter and aimed to organize rural people to learn. It has long history in China. As early as the Song Dynasty, has the record of"Slack Winter Learning". In the period of the Anti-Japanese Imperialism War, it has been carried out in many anti-Japanese base areas .It is not only a literacy campaign for farmers, but also a huge mobilization crusade of peasants.Slack Winter Learning in Shanxi Hebei and Chahaer Anti-Japanese base area was began in 1938. There were two purposes of this crusade: the first was to change the backward social and cultural conditions and eliminate the great amount of illiterates in the border area. Second, was to mobilize the masses to take part in the Anti-Japanese Imperialism War and consolidate the border regime. Although border's Winter Learning policy has different contents in different period, it always reflects the general policy of service for war, combined with the production, and close tied with the masses. Many preparations have been done for Winter Learning, and policies have gained valuable experiences. As the Slack Winter Learning could tie closely with the masses in many aspects, so it has got their widely recognition and actively participation. Slack Winter Learning became a mighty campaign in lots of regions of Shanxi Hebei and Chahaer Anti-Japanese base area.By participated in various forms of Winter Learning,the general famers of border area has been widely mobilized, and actively involved in all kinds of movements led by the CPC. Winter Learning has played a good match role in many aspects, involved mobilized the masses to join the army, encouraged them to contribute the grain to government ,and organized them to participate the Great Production Movement. Slack Winter Learning pushed the campaign mobilization of masses during the war. At the same time, people's life has undergone a fundamental change in base area. After eliminated the bound feudal superstition, the farmers changed their health habits. Especially women have been liberated from federal moral principles. Political activities, collective life, and learning competition became main contents of people's daily life and occupied an increasing proportion. In country, the old lifestyle continued for over two thousand years have new contents, and new social relations have been emerged. The feature of country has been changed further.