On The View Of The Ayer's Logic

This paper describes Ayer's view on sources of logic positivism and the perspective of the truth and probability, and Quine and Kripke's judgement of about Ayer's two doctrines.As an important representative of the Vienna School,Ayer mainly was impacted by Schlick and Carnap, especially verifiability principle and the distinction between synthesis proposition and analysis proposition.In Ayer's view of logical positivism, the distinction between synthesis proposition and analysis proposition started from the discussion on the Ayer's view of logic. Comprehensive analysis of proposition and the distinction between propositions of logical positivism is a cornerstone for Ayer. In the next point in focusing on the strength of the verifiability principle of meaning, that if a proposition was confirmed in the experiences, then say that a proposition is demonstrable strong sense. If this proposition is based on the experience obtained a probability, it said that in the weak sense of this proposition is verifiable.Described with some concrete confirmation confirmed the distinction between, and explains why there is no proposition can be confirmed, and indeed negative. And a proposition is meaningful in fact, If a proposition if and only if it is determined the expression of the experience can be something negative, when before she was recognized as a matter of fact meaningful.Ayer also made a distinction between verifiable,1,the actual principles of verifiability and the distinction between verifiability.2,the distinction between strong verifiability and weak verifiability. Ayer also inspected the Popper's falsification principle. Ayer has not agreed to the principle of falsification as the meaning of true and false inspection standards.When I discussed the truth and necessity, I mainly expounded the standard of truth validity. And then I discussed the truth in terms of empirical propositions and assumptions proposition. In Ayer's opinion, the standard of experience proposition is not purely form. We say that an empirical proposition, or a system of empirical propositions is false, because the substance does not meet certain standards, rather than any shortcomings in form.Suppose the proposition is true to the standard and in kind from their proposition expressed by the relationship among received. In addition to the proposition that purely physical,there is no a comprehensive proposition to the logical no doubt, we do not believe that any synthetic proposition may be expressed in purely physical.And we discussed the necessity and probability. If an observation which was associated with the proposition consistent with our expectations, then the truth of this proposition will be affirmed. But that proposition does not say has been proved to be totally effective, because there is a future observation to negate the possibility of this proposition also exist. But we can say that this proposition probability was increased.Probability of a proposition not only depends on the nature of our observations, but also depends on our concept of rationality.Then it gave account of the Quine and Kripke's view about Ayer's two doctrines.Namely, it distinguished between the analysis proposition and synthesis proposition and comment on confirm principle. Quine pointed out that the proposition on the analysis of propositions and comprehensive theory of the modern distinction between the experience of those who experience a non-dogmatic.He first the general analysis is divided into two categories: The first is the logic of truth, the second category of statements, Quine on the second category of statements examined "analysis" of the concept here of their own to rely on one and the same need to explain the "synonymy" concept.How to explain this concept, Quine got three answers:1,according to the definition is not synonymous in nature.2,the preservation of the true value of each substitution is not a sufficient condition for synonymy.3,the definition and preservation of the true worth can not explain another substitution synonymous,it is not as analytical basis.Kripke is also an Ayer evaluation of these two typical dogmatic philosophers.He stressed the need to strictly distinguish a priori propositions and the inevitable proposition.And it showed the Quine's judgement on the two doctrines which was different from the view of Ayer.In short, I described and analyzed the Ayer's view on logic in all above aspects.