Study On Water Resources Pricing In Karst Area

Water is essential for human being, economic activities, and important environmental resources as well. Water crisis endangers the survival and development of the human itself, by affecting the daily life, injuring the health, and hindering the economic development Severe under-prizing of water is one of the main reasons to cause the crisis. Resources, environment and development become the theme of the world's economic development today. It has been paid much affection to allocate water resources by means of market mechanism.This paper dissertated water Resources price by taking the Marginal Opportunity Cost (MOC) pricing model as the guideline. Firstly, it, based on the natural distribution characteristic of water resources and status of supply and demand of water, analyzed the present situation of water pricing, problems existing, and their reasons, discussed the effect of subsidy policy and the limitation of the property of water in karst area, and then put forward the main principles for water pricing. Secondly, it analyzed the characteristics of water resources in karst area, and pointed that under-pricing and unclear property are the reasons to cause inefficiency of water resources, after finishing the comparison study of the theories of resource pricing between the Marxism and the modem economics. Thirdly, it discussed the application of the Marginal Opportunity Cost(MOC) pricing model on water pricing, and then evaluated the feasibility of the model, taking the water pricing of Qingzhen city as the example and the result indicated that the water price is 2.389, 2.218, 2.072, 2.024, 1.987yuan per cubic meter at the discount rate of 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15% respectively. Finally, it brought forward the public policy of water pricing, and emphasized the efficacy, justice, and equity, namely water pricing should be beneficial to the coordinating, stable, balanced sustainable development between population, economy, resource and environment.This paper strongly emphasized that, a public resources as water is, the economic value of water resources should be recognized, and what's more, it should be rooted in our social and cultural tradition. Therefore, as a production factor, water expense should be added into the production cost in economic activities. It is necessary to eliminate subsidy, and pay attention to distribution of water between generations and the internalization of the environment cost. And water policy should be correspond with the renovation of property system, technical renovation, and law system, and then the sustainable development can be ensured.