A Research On The Backwash Effect Of Questions Design In NCEE On English Teaching And Learning

The learning of English, as a research of language art, has already been paid a lot of attention. Nowadays, children are pushed to learn English since they can speak, so that they can have a better understanding of English. In our country, we set the English course during elementary and middle school. At the beginning, children learn English because of their own interests or the pressure from their parents. But when the students step into high school, they have another motive, that is to pass the National College Entrance Examination and have a better future.The National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) is the way that the high school students must be passed. Or we can say that is a significant testing system to change their life. This paper will mainly do research on backwash effect of the NCEE on the English learning and teaching, especially the backwash effect of the question setting of the NCEE, for example, the effect of the learning motive, learning strategies, the choosing of the learning materials and attitude and feeling of the students. At the meaning time, it also does research on high school teachers. Through the comparation between the teachers and students in Grade 1 and Grade 3, this paper will find the changes in their life with the NCEE get nearer.This paper will mainly divide into five parts:The introduction part will discuss about the contents, the meaning and the significance of this research, also the literature review and relative theories.The first chapter will introduce the basic theory of backwash effect and the theory of teaching and testing. It will discuss the relationship between teaching and testing.The second chapter is the history and principles of the questions design of English examination.The third chapter is the research design, this part will do research on the backwash effect of question design in the NCEE, especially the effect on the English teaching and learning, such the learning strategies, learning motivation, exercise choosing, teaching methods and so on. This part will summarize the backwash effect on the English teaching and learning from different part of views. During the research, this paper does the research using the methods of classroom observation, questionnaire research and interview.The fourth part is the summary of this paper, this part analyses the reasons why the backwash effect happened and the point of views of teachers and students towards the NCEE. At the end of this part, it puts forward some suggestions, wishing them could be helpful.Because of the NCEE system itself, questions design and scoring standard, the NCEE has a great backwash effect on English teaching and learning, what's worse, some negative effect confuses the teachers and students. However, it cannot be denied that the students'abilities of reading comprehension, writing and vocabulary have been improved to some extent. The cancellation of the listening and the absence of the oral test lead to a bad phenomenon, which is that we can read well, on the contrary we cannot speak or listen well. The students have a great pressure towards the NCEE, we wish this kind of pressure can be changed into motivation, which can let the students learn well and relax, so as to enhance the English teaching and learning in our country.