Classical Spirit And Modern Consciousness

The Phenomenology of spirit is one of the most important work of Hegel.The "preface" of phenomenology of spirit is not only the "preface" of this book, but also can be regarded as the "preface" of Hegel’s philosophy system.So, it is important. This paper based on the "preface" of Phenomenology of spirit, and study the collision and financing between classical spirit and modern consciousness in the "preface" of Phenomenology of spirit. Then discusses Hegel’s philosophical thinking in the context of modernity and its criticism of modernity.And tries to reveal the significance and thinking of Hegel’s reconstruction to ancient world order.In the introduction part, we will introduce the writing background of phenomenology of spirit. And introduce the Phenomenology of spirit’s position in the whole Hegel’s philosophical system. Alos, we will point out the conflict of classical spirit and modern consciousness is the main idea of this paper. It is the hermeneutic background of this paper.The conclusion of this paper is based on the analysis and interpretation of Hegel’s text.The first chapter, we will introduce the basic situation of the phenomenology of spiri’s "preface". Phenomenology of spirit is a morphology of consciousness. In this book, Hegel analyzed the link and form of consciousness.Thus, the first section in this chapter according to Hegel’s book, introducing the links of the phenomenology of spirit. The second section discusses the main problems of "preface", especially for Hegel’s view of truth in the "preface", which can lay a foundation for later discussion.The second chapter we will discuss the significance of the Hegel’s important proposition "substance is subject". "Substance is subject" is the principle of Hegel’s philosophy, and is the important theory of Hegel’s different from previous philosophers, thus,it has a profound significance of thinking history and philosophy. The first section in this chapter we will discuss the change of the ancient and modern view of substance,and point out that Hegel’s philosophy thought resources. The second section we will discuss Hegel’s view of substance and subject, and point out that Hegel’s understanding of the substantive and subjectivity life. In a word, substance is subject not only embody the principle of Hegel’s philosophy, also reflect the Hegel’s understanding to the modern life and classical spirit, is the reverberation of classical spirit in Hegel’s philosophy.The third chapter we will discuss the conflict and compromise between the classical spirit and modern consciousness. The first section discusses Hegel’s view of the ancient.From Hegel’s understanding of Greek philosophy,we will unfold Hegel’s view of the ancient world and understanding of the ancient spirit. The second section we will discuss the differences of Hegel and romanticism. We point out that the differences of Hegel and romanticism are due to their understanding of the order and subject is not the same, also can say that their understanding of philosophy is not the same. Hegel and romanticism differences raise his perception of modernity problem, in the fourth section of this chapter, we detailedly analysis of the problem, and point out the modern characteristics of division is the power of Hegel’s philosophy.How to resolve the problem of modernity using the view of ancient order is the key to Hegel’s philosophy. But as a modern people, his solution is powerless.So, Hegel’s problem has epochal character, also has historical significance.The fourth chapter is the conclusion part of this paper,in this part, we will discuss the meaning of phenomenology of spirit and its "preface",and to deepen the subject of this paper. Hegel’s criticism of the enlightenment and modernity has important meaning for our modem people. And how to understand the world order and philosophy, will be our inevitable question.