Sun Baoqi 's Political Research In Shandong (1909-1911)

Sun Baoqi is a controversial man in the history of the modern China,especially about the Shandong’s presidency. He not only implemented the New Deal, but also repressed the rebellion of Laiyang. He not only declared the independence of Shandong, but also canceled the independence of Shandong. So we can understand the development of Shandong province from 1909 to1911 and the person--Sun Baoqi more and more clear from the study on the Sun Baoqi.This paper will be three aspects of it: The implementation of the New Deal, the rebellion of Laiyang and “The independence of Shandong”in 1911. In the aspect of the implementation of the New Deal, we can find Sun Baoqi construct the systems of many aspects from the study on the Economic, political, education from 1909 to 1911,such as: regional autonomy, police and judicial system, the construction of the peasant association, etc. Those policies are very important for the modernization of Shandong. In the aspect of the rebellion of Laiyang, we can sorting out the whole incident from the telegraph, investigation report, newspapers and other information. We can find Sun make some mistakes on the rebellion of Laiyang: the use of the wrong person, the inept handling. The rebellion of Laiyang not only bring the people of Shandong the suffering and pain, but also make Sun be faced criticism. In the aspect of “The independence of Shandong” in 1911, we can sorting out the whole incident of “The independence of Shandong” from people’s memories who lived at that time and the telegraph. This paper focuses on the study of the historic role of Sun. We can find that sun can’t control the political situation, and the change of Sun’s attitude depends on the fifth military town’s attitude.In view of the overall situation, Sun made an indelible contribution to the modernization of Shandong during his administration. Sun can’t managed the rebellion of Laiyang properly, because of the limitation of individual ability. It stain on Sun’s chancellorship. At the later stage in Shandong,Sun faced the Wuchang uprising. He made people avoid war, although he had the inconsistent attitude. This is Shandong people’s greatest luck that they avoid the war.