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Taxonomic And Faunistic Studies On The Family Tenebrionidae From Qinghai(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Posted on:2015-09-15Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:X C ZhuFull Text:PDF
GTID:2180330422469475Subject:Zoology
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This dissertation, which examined more than7,000specimen, was a preliminary summary of thestudy of Laboratory of Coleoptera Systematics of Hebei University, who had inspected and studied thedarkling beetles of Qinghai Province for about10years. The preliminary results as follows:1. The specific composition and new records of the darkling beeltes in Qinghai. In collection,classification, and identification of these specimens,2new species had been discovered: Gnaptorinacurvatibia Ren et Zhu, sp. nov. and Gnaptorina rufipes Ren et Zhu, sp. nov.;10new records of Qinghaispecies (subspecies): Bothynogria ruficollis, Leptodes szekessyi, Colposcelis (Scelocolpis) damone, Blaps(Blaps) helopioides, Blaps (Blaps) holcus, Blaps (Blaps) oberthurii, Blaps (Blaps) variolosa, Blaps(Prosoblapsia) socia socia, Gnaptorina potanini potanini, Gnaptorina potanini minxiana. According tostatistics, there were14tribes,32genera,100species (subspecies) of darkling beetles in Qinghai, and thesespecies (subspecies) belong to5subfamilies: Alleculinae, Diaperinae, Lagriinae, Pimeliinae, andTenebrioninae.2. The description of darkling beetles in Qinghai. There were7species without specimens, and theexamined species ratio reaches up to93%. In addition, the identification keys to subfamilies, tribes, genua,and species had been listed, followed by their diagnostic characteristics, cited documents, and specimeninformation.3. The analysis of fauna and origins. The dissertation had analyzed the composition and distribution ofQinghai darkling beetles according to the specimen information and interrelated documents. Thendiscussed the composition features, fauna pattern, geographical distribution, and the origin of fauna. Basedon the before-mentioned data, this dissertation had basically solved the questions bellow:(1) The species and higher taxa fauna features of Qinghai darkling beetles:The100species (subspecies) from Qinghai belonged to5subfamilies. The consisting numbers ofspecies from high to low were Tenebrioninae (71species,71%)> Pimeliinae (24species,24%)>Alleculinae (2species,2%)=Lagriinae (2species,2%)> Diaperinae (1species,1%); the amount ofendemic species from high to low were Tenebrioninae (13species)> Pimeliinae (1species)=Alleculinae(1species)=Lagriinae (1species)> Diaperinae(0).(2) The biogeographic distribution of Qinghai tenebrionid in world:There were56(56%) species belong to Sino-Japanese+Palearctic Realm, which was the richest; the second richest was species (22,22%) belong to Sino-Japanese Realm; there were16endemic species, theratio was16%;4cosmopolitan,4%; the least richest was Sino-Japanese+Oriental Realm species, only2(2%) species. The species diversity of Qinghai was relatively low:22species only distributed inSino-Japanese Realm;56species distributed in Sino-Japanese+Palearctic Realm; there were only fewspecies distribute in Sino-Japanese+Oriental Realm;4cosmopolitan--Alphitophagus bifasciatus,Tribolium (Tribolium) castaneum, Tenebrio obscurus, Palorus subdepressus—were storage insects, andtheir distribution were infected by human being heavily.(3) The biogeographic distribution of Qinghai tenebrionid in China:In the single-region pattern, there were44species in Qing-Zang Region, and only2species inMeng-Xin Region. In the two-region pattern, there were30species in Qing-Zang+Meng-Xin Region, and2species and1species in Qing-Zang+Xinan Region and Qing-Zang+Huabei Region relatively. Inmultiple-region pattern,13species in Qing-Zang+Meng-Xin+Huabei Region, which was the most.5species distributed in7regions, which were all storage insects. The results showed that the darkling beetlesof Qinghai had the nearest relation with Qing-Zang Region and Meng-Xin Region, the less nearest wasHuabei Region, and had little relation with Xinan Region, Dongbei Region, Huazhong Region, and HuananRegion.(4) The relation of darkling beetles between Qinghai and surrounding provinces and Qinghai-XizangPlateau:Compared with surrounding provinces, we found that the common species between Qinghai andGansu was the most, which contained43species; between Qinghai and Xizang was less, which contained38species; the common species with Xinjiang and Sichuan were29and17species relatively.The endemic species of Qinghai was16species (16%), and the endemic species of Qinghai-XizangPlateau was up to58species (58%). Also, there were2endemic genera of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau inQinghai: Agnaptoria and Sintagona. Those data indicated that the endemic component of Qinghai-XizangPlateau was prominent.(5)Analyze the geographical distribution features of Qinghai darkling beetles:The darkling beetles of Qinghai was dense in east, northeast and southeast; the species in northwestwas sparse; and there was almost no species in southwest.(6) Divide subdistricts of Qinghai based of the existed works:Qinghai province was divided into4subdistricts in the dissertation: 1) Northeast Region. Including Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Haibei, Xining, Haidong, TibetanAutonomous Prefecture of Hainan, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Huangnan, and Tianjun and WulanCounty of Haixi Mongolian-TibetanAutonomous Prefecture.2) Qingnan Region. Including Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yushu and Tibetan AutonomousPrefecture of Golog.3) Tsaidam Basin Region. The rest area of Haixi Mongolian-Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture besidesTianjun and Wulan County.4) Hoh Xil Region.(7) The origin of fauna of Qinghai darkling beetles:The ocean fading and continent forming of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau occured from north to south. Thealtitude was lower and the climate was moderate at the initial stage. With the taking shape of plateau, theinsects migrated and spread from north to south rapidly. The environment and climate was form bad toworse in the following ages, and also influnced by the ice age, the fauna of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau waschanging and assemling all the time. Take geologic formation and species spread into consideration, itcould be speculated that the species origin was with the obvious nature of CentralAsia.4. The biocompatibilities in plateau of Qinghai darkling beetles.1) The body color was simple, most of the species were fuscous, such as dark brown, puce, or blackand so on.2) The body size was tend to be smaller.3) The prominent species was non-wings species.4) Most species lived in microhabitat.5) Soil darkling beetles were tend to be semi-social life.6) Soil darkling beetles were divided into photophil species and photophobic species.7) Most species were with behaviour of feign death.
Keywords/Search Tags:Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Fauna, Geographical distribution, Qinghai
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