| With the rapid development of information technology and internet of thingstechnology, real time location is not limited to devices areas of aerospace and vehicle.More and more areas have been touched by location technology. In Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region, the traditional artificial grazing cannot satisfy requirements ofmodern management. The real time location of herd is called to have higher requests.Location technology is applied to grassland husbandry, which in some extent improves thework efficiency and information management level. So the research on location tracking ofherd is of high significance.At present, the mainstream location technologies conclude location technologies ofsatellites, Radio frequency identification and devices (RFID), wireless sensor network(WSN). The four or more satellites above the earth are mainly applied to locate for locationtechnology. The value of RSSI is mainly applied for technologies of RFID and WSN.When applied to grassland location, they have features of quantity, high cost, smallpositioning range, which cannot satisfy the practical need. However, the locationtechnology of satellites technology just needs a small amount of equipment to realize thetarget positioning in a large range. Aimed at the specific grassland environment, thelocation technology of satellites is selected in the paper.Aimed to problems that the scientific management level of the grassland husbandry islow in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the location technology of satellites andthe principle of GPS data transmission are combined to design a positioning and trackingsystem. It consists of designs of hardware and software. It is helpful for herdsman to getlocation information of herd in the grassland by using the system, which decreases the costand improves the information management level of the grassland husbandry. The workdone around the positioning and tracking system is as follows: Firstly, theories of GPS satellite positioning, GPRS packet-switched data, RFIDsystem composition and working are described. The constitution of the power manageme ntcircuit and the corresponding transformation principle of DC-DC are introduced. On thecondition of fully analyzing the development of the grassland husbandry, appropriate chipsand devices are selected and the peripheral circuit of the system is built.Secondly, hardware and software for the positioning and tracking system are designed. Inthe hardware part, ATmega128microprocessor, which is series of AVR, is selected as primaryMCU. SIM900A produced by SIMCOM is selected as GPRS data transmission module. C3-470B chip produced by Jcom is selected as GPS data receiving module. AS3992produced byAMS is selected as radio frequency chip. Solar planes and lithium batteries are applied in thesystem, which provides stable and reliable power supply and maintains long-time work in thegrassland. In the software, the programming language is C and the development platform isWinAVR2010, which realize the extracting and sending of longitude and latitude, number ofEPC for the label. The programming language VC++and the development platform Microsoftvisual C++6.0are used to realized the database secondary development of Google earth andAccess. The positioning result and track can be real-time displayed. The main functions realizedby the upper computer conclude the real-time display of:(1) the coordinate and time of the longitude and latitude(2) track path(3)history data and track query.Finally, the positioning system is tested in Saihan Tara Grassland. The test results showthat the system realize the real-time data transmission. Information of longitude and latitude,number of EPC label can be received timely and accurately by the upper computer, whichsatisfy the demand of design. |
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