Research On Optimization And Reconstruction Of Rural Settlement In Changli County Based On GIS Spatial Analysis

For a long time, due to natural conditions or unreasonable planning constraints, construction of rural residents in China is basically in the extensive use of the state. The layout of the rural residential areas optimization problem has drawn attention of the academia, which become an important research topic in the field of land science. The research of land use and optimization of reconstruction of space is the rational allocation of different land use type structure, scientific layout space location and spatial distribution, to establish mutual relationship, to maximize comprehensive benefits. Rural residential land as an important land use types, Its layout optimization is helpful to save land resources and urban and rural development as a whole.This paper takes Changli County of Hebei Province as the typical study area, using the GIS spatial analysis technology and statistical function, analyzing and researching the rural settlement distribution characteristics, evaluation of rural residential livability, and combining with the relevant theory of Voronoi atlas and the quantitative research methods such as the two step of mobile search and the point pattern analysis algorithm, to reconstruct the classification of rural residential types. And made the refactoring optimization method and standard. The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Using Arcgis10.0 average center function calculation county of geometry ce nter, and 6 a social economic data center(total households number, and population, a nd per capita net income, and food production, and arable land and settlements area) and the social economic weighted center, and combines Changli rural residents point s standard poor oval and weighted standard poor oval, and Voronoi figure set method to research rural residents points general distribution features, and gathered and disc rete degree status, obtained conclusions: Changli territory each economic indicators average center distribution more concentrated,from the geometry center is close to d escription of Changli township of socio-economic development in a more balanced, weighted center of social economy in the geometric center of the northwest 2.0km, C hangli county, northwest reflects the county’s large population, while more househol ds and villages, northwest of Changli county are relatively wealthy; rural residential area located roughly along the direction of Changli-Luan county, Luannan junction, distribution of coastal and central county situation, its slightly different standard devi ation of the County’s minor axis of the ellipse, which quantity calculation and selecti on of the key village; rural residential spatial distribution are concentrated in the cou nties, townships scale, Ma Tuodian and Shi Lipu are randomly distributed, residentia l plot loosely, as are most other towns as the cluster distribution.(2)Evaluate the rural residential livability of Changli county.The grade is divide d into four levels: highly regarded, score was(3.2004, 3.2004),a total of 548 spots, p olygon area of 2898.98 hm2, accounting for 20.51 percent of rural residential land. T hese areas of rural residential land natural geography and social economic conditions are in a state of optimal or better,the transportation is convenient, larger land for resi dential areas, the densely populated, near distance from the township. The common s uitable region(I2), score was(2.7826, 3.2004),a total of 995 spots. The polygon area is 5768.20hm2, accounting for 40.81 percent of rural residential land. These areas ma inly distributed in the county, the main traffic road on both sides of the township gov ernment resident and their surrounding. The natural condition of common suitable re gion is relatively good. The traffic is convenient. Farmers’ production and living con dition overall is good. The regional distribution in Chengjiaoqu, Jingan County, Lon gjiadian County and Shilipu County. Critical suitable(I3), score was(2.3177, 2.7826), a total of 966 spots. The polygon area is 4678.83hm2, accounting for 33.10 percent of rural residential land. Critical suitable, which mainly distributed in distance, traffi c and town with remote areas, leading to farmers in all kinds of production and livin g conditions are relatively poor, enjoy less traffic, communication, water and other s ocial services. Not suitable(I4), score was(1.4859, 2.3177), a total of 398 spots. Its p olygon area is 789.08 hm2, accounting for 5.58% of rural residential land. The unsuit able area(I4) settlements mainly distributed in near Jieshi mountain in the northeast a nd southwest of state-owned forest farm, nature reserve near of the Seven Caspian se a, the junction between the villages and towns, etc.(3) Proposing a total of five types of rural settlements reconstruction, such as the type of package into. Expanding. Controlling. Merging and migrating to abandoning. And according to the different kinds of reconstruction types of rural settlements to formulate standards: according to the rural settlement size distribution histogram of the town of 2km within the scope, 900 m as the reference value that center of the city to attract the distance of the village, within the scope of the rural residential areas for package in rural residential areas, should be urbanization; the index of rural settlements scale in "rural residential areas livability composite index evaluation standard score" for five level(0< C10< 0.0462) as the reference values for the type of migrating to abandoning; the results of the livable evaluation for the rural settlements are not suitable for the spots, which as the reference value of rural settlements spots migrating. For the type of the expanding, the rural settlements spots required to meet three or more than of these four conditions: livability evaluation results are highly suitable; where the total village population more than 1248 or village size more than 540 acres rural residential areas development priority area based on Voronoi diagram; the results of livable evaluation of the rural residential area shows that the degrees of the spots’ livable are at middle level and critical level therefore set the spots as reference values of controlled migration spots. Moreover, making three times trimming aiming at expand and controlled rural residential areas making the distribution of the type of the rural residential area achieves the best state. The areas of bag-in rural residential areas are 1692.23 hm2, having 401 spots; the areas of expand residential areas are 3643.38 hm2, having 114 spots; the areas of controlling residential areas are 7110.48 hm2, having 356 spots; the areas of merging residential areas are 1185.90 hm2, having 121 spots; the areas of the abandoned residential areas are 639.69 hm2, having 1951 spots. Therefore, aiming at the five types about reconstruction of rural residential land areas gives optimization schemes and suggestions.