Based On Remote Sensing Technology Land Cover Change Under The Affecting Of Tourism

Since Gorkhi-Terelj region of tourism become State specially protected areas by the classification of Natural complex areas in 1993, the variation of ground cover has been determined relating with climate and social effects. Current situation of tourism of Mongolia, its prospect, objectives, touring characteristics of Natural complex areas of Gorkhi-Terelj, policies of management, statistic data of tourists in 1999-2014 were determined, and the influence which effects on variation of ground cover was reviewed by the growth tendency of organizations(Tourist camp) of touring service and tourists.In addition, the research of tourists who go abroad and the research of tourists who crossed the border by Chinggis Khaan International Airport and Zamiin-Uud post were reviewed comparing with the data of General Authority for Border Protection. I took picture from MOD13Q1 of TERRE-MODIS which has frequency of 16 days with 250 meter in 2000-2014, made processing by ENVI.8 program, calculated NDVI of ground cover by ArcGis10.1 program, and made the changing picture of variation areas of ground cover. The areas of ground cover were divided into 6 classifications by NDVI value. When calculating the average NDVI value of the research areas, the total areas were divided into the square with 5km.square, made 145 squares, and calculated the NDVI value in it. 2000 as basic year was compared with other years, the areas variation was separately calculated, and the layout with 5 year-frequency was made. When making that, sum of precipitation of April-September in 2000, 2015, 2010 and 2014 was compared with the average of NDVI at the research areas, as well as the variation tendency was made by graph. The period of plant growing, the amount of precipitation and air temperature are different due to the climate. For Natural complex areas of Gorkhi-Terelj, humidity is comparatively high and the areas has cold climate, but 80-90% of precipitation drops at summertime, and the number of foreign tourists is rapidly increased. I chose April-September as from the period of plant growing to the period of completing growing. The variation of NDVI was illustrated by the picture which is directed from the east to west in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2014. For seeing from the research, the correlation of NDVI values which would be-1.0 – 1.0 was seen by the areas variation of each classification. For the last 15 years, I integrated how the variation of ground cover of Natural complex areas of Gorkhi-Terelj would be affected by climate and social influences with the areas variation of each classification.For seeing result of the research, NDVI 0.4-0.6 was the most changed and the areas of 4th classification were decreased by 322.25 m/squares. And NDVI 0.-0.1 was the least changed and the areas of 1st classification were increased by 0.0625 km/squares. The variation of ground cover at the area was due to nature and climate, as well as the governmental optimal policies has been missed.