The Serial Denoising Technology Research In Metal Seismic Data Processing

Near-surface mineral resources in the rapid development of the society and economy today faces gradually depleted, which makes deep exploration into the mainstream, metal ores mining and exploration has developed from shallow surface(<500m) to the second extraction and detection deep space(500m-2000m,and a deeper probing space). As we all known, geological conditions in deposits areas are always very complex, metal deposits form (geological structures of the mine including ore-controlling structures) is complex, stratigraphic dip is generally steeper. The geometry scales of orebodies are generally small. The difference of wave impedance between the ore body and the surrounding rock is small, and the nature of the ore body inside often show inhomogeneous, for example, the ore bodies (such as the massive sulfide orebody) often shows secondary scattering source, the amplitude of the signal is weak, often submerged in noise, which makes the seismic recording signal-to-noise obtained in metallic ore exploration is lower than usual. In metal mining seismic data processing, the most important is to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution. The noise attenuation is a very important task in seismic data processing. The present noise reduction processing method has a good effect on low speed, low frequency interference wave and is lack of effective separation of complex seismic wave field and powerful means to deal with the noise for high speed, strong energy interference wave. Incomplete pre stack noise attenuation is seriously affecting the effects of seismic data processing.This paper systematically introduces the noise sources of seismic data. In addition, the cause of source noise and outside noise, development process, interfere types and the characteristics of etc are also described in detail. Through the analysis of the difference characteristics of noise and effective wave in the different mathematical domain, looking for the biggest difference mathematical domain, we designed a suitable denoising algorithm for signal-noise separation.Now there are a variety of processing methods to remove seismic noise. Radon transform (linear Radon transform, parabolic Radon transform, hyperbolic Radon transform) is the basic denoising method and technique. It can make signal-noise better separation of the Radon domain, suppress multiple wave and noise and separate converted wave. The denoising method based on wavelet decomposition and reconstruction can separate the noise and the signal. This transformation is suitable for surface wave and random noise suppression. This paper designed a series noise reduction technology and processing flow which can attenuate noise in a certain order. The paper emphatically introduces several kinds of noise reduction processing methods included wavelet transform, the Radon transform and F-K filtering for different noise. Through the model trial, we further verify the feasibility of this noise reduction method.The application of series de-noising method to the ores seismic data greatly improves the signal-to-noise ratio of data. It has a good effect on a variety of mixed noise removal and suppression. In practice, according to seismic data particularity and difference, we can choose different combinations of noise reduction method to achieve better results (improve the S/N and resolution) and provide the guarantee for the later work.