The Research Of Landscape Pattern And Scales Effect Based On Fractal Theory In Honghe County Of Yunnan Province

The study area where located in Honghe county of Yunnan Province, based on fractal theory and the main parameter of landscape elements of shape features have been selected by using grid method as a measurement and studied a) characteristics of landscape structure in different scales;b) the number of landscape patch; c) patch density;d) relative frequency; e) average fractal dimension; f) index of stabilization..From the perspective of landscape pattern(patch-corridors-matrix mode)discusses the spatial distribution characteristics of landscape elements in the study area and the scale effects. For management of landscape elements in the study area, to protect and maintain the stability of the unique ecosystem provides important scientific evidence.The result shows that: The shrub land, dry land, paddy field, other grassland were main part of landscape patches; in this case, paddy field the most and the bare land the least.1)From landscape elements, structural features, the largest landscape area is shrub land(41.23%), the role of the media in landscape structure and connectivity of the best, plays an important role in the landscape, species and affecting energy flows in the study area, the logistics flow, is a reflection of Plateau type of stereo-climate in the study area, play a controlling role in the landscape as a whole. Introduced in patches in the largest area of paddy field(18.5%), reflects the terraced landscape features in the study area. Patch up in paddy field and river corridors.2)by increasing the observational scale(grain) from 4000 m, 2000 m, 1333 m, 1000 m, 800 m, 667m; Observed in the study area size(grain size) decreases during patch numbers showed a trend of gradually increasing. Shrub land, paddy field, dry land, other grassland, forest land and other types of observation scale changes in response to a significant degree; tea garden, bare soil, rivers, rural resident area on the scale of the response is not obvious, curves show a relatively stable trend.3)In addition to matrix(shrub) relative frequencies do not change as the scale of things, relative frequency varies with the remaining landscape elements decreased a smaller scale. Medium(shrub land) in the existing five observation scale, relative frequency is 100%, spaces are widely distributed, numbers dominant, it actively protective role to paddy field and dry land.4)Observed in the study area size(grain size) of decreasing process, average fractal dimension(d) showed a trend of gradually decreasing. Landscape elements, average fractal dimension(d) between 1.029-1.959 corridor(River) shape the most complex responses to scale change is obvious, matrix(shrub) and major patches similar to the degree of response to changes at different scales. With the reduction of scale, landscape elements, and landscape structures has a similarity reinforced, tending to simple scaling effect. Fractal dimension of landscape elements are affected by the scale of small variation of landscape patch numbers affected by the scales showed moderate variation, plaque quantity than the fractal dimension of landscape elements, the more significant scale It illustrates that the regularity of the spatial distribution of scales changing of patches in research area based on the fractal dimension affection.5)With the viewing scale(size) decreases, each landscape plaque index(SI) overall showing a decreasing trend in rural residential stability index.