Monitoring And Risk Assessment Of Geological Hazards Based On Remote Sensing Technology

Beijing geological hazards obvious tectonic zone, lithological complex, uneven distribution of precipitation, the surrounding mountains from human activity is very strong, there is a lot of sudden disaster, a serious threat to the surrounding area of people’s lives and property safety.In recent years, with the development of remote sensing technology, RS technology combined with GIS technology for geological disaster monitoring body has become increasingly attracted people’s attention, Based on the rich classical theory and remote sensing change detection algorithm research for change detection method target areas, monitor their annual earthwork change its hazard evaluation classification, for the conduct of geological disaster monitoring, assessment and analysis of important effect. Based on the full study remote sensing change detection theory, the mathematical model and the degree of danger of geological hazard assessment, based on a multi-source, multi-temporal satellite remote sensing data as the data source for the regional geological setting of the study area, human activity status of geological environment before spectroscopy and imaging characteristics were collected query and in-depth analysis, and the use of remote sensing technology in combination with other methods and means of geographic information systems, to explore methods for detecting changes in the study area, elevation models and to establish trends over time model, AHP grading the degree of danger of geological disasters in the study area of the body. Paper made the following findings:1. Combined with remote sensing technology for geological hazard research body information extraction, remote sensing images of each pretreatment, select matching remote sensing radiation histogram matching method, the radiation more than the difference of the image smaller, reaching radiation matching purposes; the integrated use of GIS in change detection thresholding step natural breaks method and standard deviation of the change detection method to extract result that the highest accuracy image change information to determine the appropriate method of change detection studies of geological disasters body main component ratio method.2. The proposed elevation model, superimposing DEM image projected its change elevation amount of use of discrete points to estimate the change earthwork, using polynomial mathematical model to simulate the change trend analysis annual change in geological disasters body based on remote sensing images to detect changes in information law, it was effectively predict trends.3. Combined with GIS technology, through the analysis of factors affecting the geological hazards, determine the lithology, geological structure, vegetation coverage, slope, rainfall and human engineering activities as the evaluation of geological disasters in the study area of the geological disaster factor, introduced changes in the strength and frequency of use as evaluation factors. In the research area of landslide disaster comprehensive evaluation method for risk evaluation, risk evaluation results of classification, through the acquisition of the landslide disaster grading index of each factor assignment, risk level that geological disaster body, objective and reasonable evaluation results, puts forward some measures and suggestions of the prevention and control of geological disasters in the study area.