Study On Handness Characteristics And Propagation Characteristic Of Electromagnetic Wave

In 1960 s, Veselago predicted the left-handed materials and a series of novel electromagnetic phenomena, such as negative refraction, reversed Doppler effect, reversed Cerenkov effect. At the beginning of this century, On the basis of Pendry’s work, materials with both negative permittivity and negative permeability(metamaterials) were manufactured by Smith,which achieved a negative angle of refraction in the microwave band and evidenced the presence of left-handed materials. Since then, there is a growing concern on the researches of metamaterials and it’s unique electromagnetic properties.Usually, the material permittivity and permeability is complex, it is a special case that Veselago’s theory predicts, in which the permittivity and permeability of the material are both negative. In order to reveal the handness characteristics of the material with both negative permittivity and permeability, this paper intends to make a thorough study on the criterion of the handness, and further classification includes ideal left-handed materials and quasi left-handed materials.The material with complex permittivity and permeability is often the lossy material. Experimental results show that negative refraction of electromagnetic wave obeys the Snell law at the interface of air/lossy left-handed material; however, refraction of the visible light does not follow the Snell law at the interface of the gold and silver wedge. L Y Chen et.al made a thorough study of the various controversial theory, result show that negative refraction at noble metal film interface have nothing to do with plasma,negative permeability and Goos-Hanschen etc; according to the simulation of general reflection and refraction theory, it is applicable for the case that light propagates from the metal to the dielectric, however, not for the case that light propagates through the noble metal film. Therefore, it is still very necessary to study the influence of loss on the electromagnetic wave reflection and refraction, as well as the applicability of refraction and reflection theory.In this article, deep comparisons are demonstrated between the general refraction theory we newly developed and the energy stream line method. Differences are listed between the behaviors of electromagnetic wave refraction that predicted by them. On this basis, we put forward two dimensional transmission line with adjustable electromagnetic parameters, to explore the influence of loss on electromagnetic wave reflection and refraction, as well as the applicability reflection and refraction theory.