Study Of Resource Recovery Of High Pressure Hydrolyzing Biomass Waste By Microwave Heating

The rapid development of aquaculture is caused by the growing demand for meatglobally. The process of poultry produces large amounts of wastes, and the waste offeather is at the top of the list. If not handling these feathers properly, it could producea large number of garbage, which might cause environment pollution. Research showsthat feather is mainly composed of protein sources. If these feathers are beingprocessed and extracted to get one of the proteins or amino acids, it can not onlyreduce environment pollution, but also can produce high-value products. But the wayto handle with wastes is not properly, which leads to most of the wastes beingabandoned.The present common processing methods of feather are burning, landfill and soon, which reduce the utilization rate of resources. Moreover, there are fermentationenzyme and chemical treatment, for example, during the process of acid and alkalihydrolysis, value-added products can be obtained. However, acid or alkali treatmentswill produce a large amount of industrial waste water and gases, which can causesafety and environmental problems. In addition, biological method has a long cycletime and low yield. These all limit the reuse of feather. Hence, it is an urgent task todevelop or optimize a new technology of processing the feathers, and put it to use toget high-value products, in order to achieve waste recycling. Microwave heatingtechnology heats from the substance’s inner and has some superiorities: reducing thereaction time and by-products, increasing the production yields. Compared with theliquid water and the gas water, near critical water can produce more hydrogen andhydroxyls, which is similar to weak acid or weak alkali. This makes the near criticalwater has the function of acid and alkali catalysis. Near critical water has a very gooddissolution. It can dissolve both organic compounds and inorganic compounds, whichmakes it used as solvent, reactant and catalyst. Depending on its function of acid andalkali catalysis, near critical water can make some acid or alkali catalytic reactionreacted without acid or alkali catalyst, in order to avoid acid–base neutralization, salttreatment and other processes. Meanwhile, because it can dissolve both organiccompounds and inorganic compounds, near critical water can be used to replace the toxic and harmful organic solvents.In this article, feather was taken as the research object, and the research wasabout hydrolysis of feather in near critical water with microwave heating. Solid-liquidratio of feather to water, reaction time and reaction temperature was investigated.Infra-red technology, amino acid detection method and gravitation thermal analysiswas used to test the products before and after the hydrolysis. Results showed thatmicrowave heating could accelerate feather decomposition and a better yield. Underthe condition of20minutes,200℃, solid-liquid ratio of37.5, the total yield of aminoacids reached to55%. Above these, aspartic acid, arginine, alanine, cystine had betteryields. For experiment, we built up the first order consecutive reaction kinetics model.By the model, the production and decomposition rates of total amino acids and theexperimental activation energy are obtained. At temperature of200、180and160℃，the production rates of total amino acids are0.060115、0.031757and0.007min-1; thedecomposition rate are0.02622、0.02166and0.014925min-1. The experimentalactivation energy of generation is92.088kJ mol-1, The experimental activationenergy of decomposition is24.101kJ mol-1,China is an agricultural country and has plenty of biomass resources. Such as,most of straw is discarded and accumulated then corrupt, or incinerated in the fields,also as firewood, feed, used in paper production. However, half of them had beenmade full use of. Crop straw is a great quantity of renewable energy, the thermaldecomposition or hydrolysis can obtain glucose and combustible gas, where glucoseis prepared further to fuel ethanol and so on, all of these are fuel. In the paper, wehydrolyzated straw to produce glucose in the [AMIM]Cl/water mixtures bymicrowave heating. Through the analysis of single factor experiment, the optimumtechnological conditions of hydrolysis is reaction temperature of180℃,the quality ofstraw to ionic liquids ratio of0.5:5under the condition of reaction100min, the outputof glucose is29.1%. This process can obtain high yield of glucose to ease the energyproblem and environmental pollution and solve the low rate of utilization of straw,has a broad application prospect.