Quantitative Analysis Of Drugs And Neurotransmitters In Complex Systems Using Second-order Calibration

Second-order calibration methods in chemometrics would provide a new means todetect analytes of interest in complex chemical systems. In particular, thesecond-order calibration methods can provide―second-order advantage‖, namely theycan quantitative analyze of analytes of interest even in the presence of unknowinterferences. As the diversification of metrical information and the complexity ofanalytical system, the combination of second-order calibration methods and themodern analytical instruments has been widely used. In this paper, quantitive analysisof drugs and neurotransmitters in complex systems by means of the second-ordercalibration methods coupled with instruments such as HPLC-DAD, LS-MS,excitation-emission matrix flurescence (EEM), the main contents are as follows:In Chapter2, A novel method of simultaneous determination of ginsenoside Reand ginsenoside Rb1in different American ginseng by using high performance liquidchromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) combined with second-ordercalibration method based on parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) algorithm wasproposed. Despite different American ginseng samples containing different unknowninterferences, the method described in this chapter need no tedious pretreatment anduse simple chromatographic conditions for simultaneous detecting two ginsenosides.It developed a simple, universal and rapid chromatographic method for analysis ofcomponents interest in Health Products.In Chapter3, a―green‖and quick analytical method for complex compounds wasdeveloped for simultaneous determination of tyrosine (Tyr) and dopamine (DA)contents in urine samples. The three-way responsive data recorded byexcitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEM) spectrometer was analyzed usingsecond-order calibration methods based on both parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC)and self-weighted alternating trilinear decomposition (SWATLD) algorithms. Bothtyrosine and dopamine are neurotransmitters and the latter is the metabolites of theformer. The EEM spectra of the analytes were overlapped each other and with thebackground in urine samples. The second-order advantage of both PARAFAC andSWATLD methods was exploited, even in the presence of unknown interferences andthe satisfactory results were obtained.In Chapter4, a new strategy for simultaneous determination of tryptophan (TRP) and kynurenic acid (KYNA) in human plasma samples by using excitation-emissionmatrix fluorescence and second-order calibration method based on SWATLDalgorithm was employed. KYNA is the metabolites of TRP. The levels of both TRPand KYNA in human plasma are associated with the occurrence and development ofmany diseases. This experiment used zinc acetate (ZnAc2) to enhance the fluorescenceresponse of KYNA. Even though the spectra of the target analytes heavyly overlappedwith the spectral of uncalibrated interferences, the accurate determination ofindividual components of interest were accomplished exploiting the―second-orderadvantage‖.In Chapter5, a new approach for simultaneous determination of six kinds ofsulfonylurea drugs in complex chemical systems using liquid chromatography-massspectrometry (LC-MS) combined with second-order calibration method based onAlternating Trilinear Decomposition (ATLD) algorithm was proposed. There weremany kinds of sulfonylurea drugs and they were the earliest oral hypoglycemic agentsin market. Although simple and universal chromatography conditi on was selected,rapid quantitative analysis of the six kinds of the sulfonylurea drugs with theco-eluting components was realized. This approach simplified the chromatographyconditions and reduced the analysis time and the use of organic solvents. It couldbecome a rapid and universal chromatography method for quantitive analysis of thesulfonylurea drugs in complex systems.