| In recent years, along with the development of ocean shipping business and crude oil in our country, sea spill accidents and oil spill pollution have become a primary cause of Marine pollution, a serious threat to the global Marine ecological environment. At present, oil spill dispersants plays an important role in oil spill accident treatment, but much of its main ingredients surface active agent and solvent is bound to have toxic effects on the growth of Marine organisms.Brachionus plicatilis, as so far the volume‐produce of artificial seedling seafood rotifers, has outstanding advantages of being used as bait. And brachionus plicatilis occupy the important role as a primary consumer in Marine ecosystems.This experiment takes brachionus plicatilis as experimental object. using the probability unit method, life table method, blood count method, we studies the influence of four kinds of brachionus plicatilis (hereinafter referred to as1#,2#,3#,4#), crude oil Water solution (Water accommodated fraction, hereinafter referred to as crude oil) and four kinds of DWAF (Dispersant Water accommodated fraction, hereinafter referred to as the1#‐DWAF,2#‐DWAF,3#‐DWAF and4#‐DWAF) to the acute toxicity, life history, feeding of brachionus plicatilis.Part1:Study on the acute toxicity effects of Crude oil and oil spill dispersants to brachionus plicatilis:The experimental results show that:(1) The brachionus plicatilis exposured to crude oil for24h has no obvious acute toxicity effect.(2) Crude oil, oil spill dispersant and its four DWAF has more severe acute toxicity on brachionus plicatilis larvae than on brachionus plicatilis adult.(3) The acute toxicity of oil spill dispersants on brachionus plicatilis is more serious than its DWAF. (4) Four kinds of oil spill dispersants’ acute toxicity effect on brachionus plicatilis.4#>3#>2#>1#.Part2:The influence of crude oil and four kinds of oil spill dispersants on the life cycle of brachionus plicatilis.(1) crude oil, four kinds of oil spill dispersants and four DWAF all had no significant effect on embryonic development time; Four kinds of oil spill dispersants, their DWAF had no significant effect on pre‐reproductive period of the breeding, but oil could significantly prolong pre‐reproductive period of the breeding; Crude oil, four kinds oil spill dispersants and DWAF will make reproductive period and post‐reproductive period shorter compared with seawater group.(2)Compared with seawater group, crude oil, four kinds of oil spill dispersants and its DWAF will significantly shorten the average life expectancy and decrease total amount of spawning of brachionus plicatilis, among which the most obvious one is the crude oil group; Under three kinds of pollutants, net reproductive rate, generation time (T), finite rate of increase (λ), and the intrinsic growth rate (rm) reduce obviously compared with seawater group.(3) Presents of subacute toxicity from crude oil, four kinds of oil spill dispersants and its DWAF: crude oil> four kinds of oil spill dispersants and its DWAFPart3:The influence of crude oil and four kinds of oil spill dispersants to the ingestion of brachionus plicatilis:(1)The feeding rate of Brachionus plicatilis eating two kinds of single cell algae are reducing with the increasing duration of stress and the increasing concentration of poison(2)Feeding behavior changes of brachionus plicatilis can be used as a comparatively sensitive and rapid method of evaluating the crude oil, oil spill dispersants and oil spill dispersant oil mixture.(3)In choosing food experiment, even under the stress of pollutants, chlorella is still the most suitable bait for brachionus plicatilis..(4)The influence of Crude oil on brachionus plicatilis is greater than the influence of four kinds of oil spill dispersants and its DWAF. By adding oil spill dispersant in crude oil, parts of the dispersants present a weakening trend of its toxicity. |
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