| In the process of coal production, there is a large amount of solid waste–coal gangue. It has the traitthat low flash point, so its use efficiency is very low then be discarded, the discarded coal gangue pile sitesin the open, this can bring a series of environment problems. First, it is the flammability, there are a smallquantity of carbon and flammable material, under certain conditions the gangue hill is prone to spontaneouscombustion and release a lot of toxic gases such as CO, SO2, H2S, et al, pollute the air. Second, is the largenumber of hazardous substances in the coal gangue accumulated in the earth’s surface even the watersystem will be released through a series of external forces, such as efflorescence, rainfall leaching and soon. Thus, it can bring pollution to the local soil and water environment.The aim of this study was to explore the effect of coal gangue on Carassius auratus blood and liver.The objects of our study were the soil, water and Carassius auratus come from the coal mining subsidencearea of yongcheng and Tianmu Lake.The heavy metal concentrations of the soil and water were analyzedby ASS, the physiological indexes of blood, the liver enzyme activity of Na+K+—ATPase, SOD, CAT andGSH—PX by the kit, and the lesion of liver tissue by Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis andhematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) to explore the fish acute toxicity due to coal gangue pollution.In this study, we had find that the heavy metal concentration of the soil and water from the coalmining subsidence area of Yongcheng is higher than that of Tianmu Lake. Compared with the control groupthe amount of red blood cell and hemoglobin of the experiment group are dramaticly decline, the amount ofwhite blood cells of control group was lower than the experiment group (p <0.01). The percentage oflymphocytes in white blood cells is the largest. By G-R staining, eosinophilic materials were dyed red, basophilic materials were dyed blue. Differences among the control group were very small, all the cellsequally distributed, can clearly recognize mononuclear cells. Monocyte is the largest cell among the bloodcells and because of its nucleus is very big so the cell presents a blue. In the experiment group the amountof red blood cell decline, and can hardly find any monocyte. Compared with the control group CAT, SOD,GSH—PX and Na+K+—ATPase activity of liver all droped distinctly (p <0.01). Nuclear DNA of theexperiment group had obvious comet tail, the control group have no or very small, the result of CASPsoftware showed that the percentage of head DNA of control group was higher and the percentage of tailDNA was lower than the experiment group (p <0.01). In experiment group, the microscopical structure ofthe liver tissue showed that there were obvious blank areas, the hepatic sinusoid cavity was widen than thecontrol group. Some of the cell nucleus dissolved, we can find nuclear-free liver cells. These results may bedue to environmental stresses.All above results show that under a series of external forces, toxic substances in coal gangue releasedinto the surrounding environment, lead to that the heavy metal content of soil and water raised. Waterquality has changed, the blood indexes and liver tissue of crucian abnormalities. The amount of red bloodcell and hemoglobin declined, a significant rise in white blood cell number, the activity of CAT、SOD、GSH—Px and Na+K+—ATPase declined, DNA of hepatocyte injuryed seriously, liver tissue damaged. |
PDF Full Text Request