Removal Of Chromate Ions From Aqueous Solutions By Enhanced Ultrafiltration Of Chitosan And Its Quaternary Ammonium Salt

Waste water containing chromium causes environmental pollution andserious harmfulness to the human body and living beings. Hexavalentchromium ions, Cr(VI), are highly toxic agents that act as carcinogens,teratogens and mutagens in biological systems. The present conventionalmethods for treating wastewater containing Cr(VI) are effective under goodcontrol. But the methods produce sludge, which causes the secondarypollution. Polymer enhanced ultrafiltration technology is a novel membranemethod for wastewater treatment containing heavy metal ions. Removal ofChromate ions by polymer enhanced ultrafiltration has been studied, inwhich most of influence factors has been investigated.As excellent metal ligands, forming complexes with many metal ions,chitosan is a basic polysaccharide in nature because of presence of aminogroup-NH2and hydroxyl group-OH in its backbone. In order to removehexavalent chromium by means of ultrafiltration technique, a graftcopolymer of chitosan and2-Trimethylammonium ethyl methacrylatechloride(DMC) has been synthesized by aqueous solution polymerizationusing sodium bisulfite/ammonium persulfate in an inert atmosphere.Quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan was characterized by infra redspectra and X-ray diffraction. The reaction conditions on grafting reactionwere basically investigated.Polysulfone flat membranes were produced by the method ofimmersion-precipitation phase inversion. The morphology and performanceof the membranes were characterized by pure water flux and scanningelectron microscopy, respectively.The study deals with the removal of chromate ions from waste water bypolymer enhanced ultrafiltration. Two water soluble polymers, namelychitosan and its quaternary ammonium salt were selected for this study.Most of effect factors on rejection coefficient and permeate flux has beeninvestigated in the process of chitosan enhanced ultrafiltration. Besides theeffect of membranes with different molecular weight cut-off has been studied.And most of effect factors on rejection coefficient and permeate fluxhas been investigated in the process of quaternary ammonium salt ofchitosan enhanced ultrafiltration, besides the effect of its grafting ratio hasbeen studied. The work deals with the investigation and optimization ofchromate ions removal from aqueous solutions by quaternary ammoniumsalt of chitosan enhanced ultrafiltration using experimental design andregression analysis. Beside selective separation of Cr(VI) from Cu(II) ionand the resistance model was basically studied.