The Study On The Relationship Between The Economy Agglomeration And The Pollution Agglomeration

With the deepening of industrialization, industry agglomeration is more and more significant. It not only promotes technology innovation, industry development and competitiveness, but also produces economy agglomeration which brings about the rapid development of regional economy. As the form of industrialized era, the economy agglomeration, which is attracting more and more attention, obviously has the positive effect on the economy development since the middle of the eighteenth century. However, as the "bad" output in the process of production, environment pollution always emerges along with the economy development. In recent years, our country has achieved fruitful results in economy development. Meanwhile it has speeded up the agglomeration situation of the pollution. Now that it seems to have a close relationship between the economy agglomeration and the pollution agglomeration, it is worth overall analyzing and further studying for researchers. The dissertation discusses the agglomeration mechanism, the measurement of agglomeration degree, the status and trends of agglomeration and other affecting factors of agglomeration.Based on large numbers of literature research about the economy agglomeration, it is found that the produce of economy agglomeration needs certain prerequisites, which is superiority areas rather than others has more opportunities to priority development, such as the advantages of policy and geographic, etc, making agglomeration benefits outweighing the costs and promoting the formation of agglomeration. By establishing a system dynamic model, the formation mechanism of the economy agglomeration has been analyzed qualitatively. It is the process that superiority areas enters into the positive circle by attracting elements from others, then the process results in enlarging the GDP amounts, raising the technical level and gradually enhancing the spillover effect on other areas. Due to the technology spillover, part of the industry that belongs to superiority areas transfers to other areas thus other areas start to generate the economy agglomeration. Eventually, their gap has narrowed and they get the same level. However, once considered inevitable environment pollution in productive process, the pollution agglomeration obviously weakens the effect on the economy agglomeration. It is specifically said that the pollution agglomeration causes the destruction of human’s living environment and labor transferring. Such not only affects the productivity but also produces negative effect on the investment environment. The economy agglomeration that transfers to other areas in superiority areas appears a recession phenomenon. Then affected other areas follows the superiority to appear the same recession and possibly result in more serious consequences along with the superiority in the last. In order to control the pollution agglomeration effectively, the necessary factors affecting it have been took into accounts, including labor quantity, FDI, technology innovation, energy consumption, industrial structure, urbanization rate and the green acreage.In our country, relying on advantages of the reform and opening policy and conveniences of trade and transportation, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Economic Band have grown rapidly with a good momentum of development. At the same time of economic development, environmental issues are increasingly prominent and gradually forming the pollution agglomeration. For more intuitively analyzing the economy agglomeration and the pollution agglomeration, this dissertation adopts four methods together, including the Herfindahl index, the Gini index, convergence theory and geographic concentration index, to research the degree of the economy agglomeration and the pollution agglomeration. Results show that the economy agglomeration and the pollution agglomeration are weak on the whole but strong in part in our country from2000to2011, in addition, the pollution agglomeration has been driven by the economy agglomeration and follows the change of the economy agglomeration that rises in the first stage and then decrease. Our country will enter into a period of balanced development and then regional disparity will shrink till eventually every region gets the same level, in other words, the economy agglomeration will disappear in the future. But the pollution will keep a certain agglomeration. The variation tendency of the economy and pollution agglomeration in eastern region is similar to the whole nation, the central region’s economy and pollution agglomeration will not exist in the future, and the economy agglomeration will not exist but the pollution will have a certain agglomeration in the western region. At present, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Jiangsu, their economy and pollution agglomeration degree are the top in China but Xinjiang and Qinghai are the last. Also found in the process of measuring, the different measuring methods of the agglomeration degree have their own advantages and disadvantages, four methods have discussed together about the status and future of the economy and pollution agglomeration in China. Moreover, the result of correlation analysis methods shows again that the pollution agglomeration has positive relationship with the economy agglomeration and has been driven by the economy agglomeration. According to the test of the autocorrelation of the pollution agglomeration, the pollution agglomeration is affected by spatial location. This dissertation uses the spatial error model to quantitatively analyze factors that affect the pollution agglomeration. The primary determinant of promoting the pollution agglomeration is the economy agglomeration. Others like the energy consumption, the urbanization process and FDI also are significantly promoting the pollution agglomeration. Technical innovations are significantly reducing the pollution agglomeration and industrial structure has no significant effect on the pollution agglomeration. The high concentration of population will not necessarily lead to high pollution agglomeration, for example, although the population density of developed cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, it does not cause the rapid agglomeration of pollution since controlling the pollution in time. Finally, this dissertation proposes the policy recommendations according to the conclusion. It is respectively that appropriately slowing down economic growth to ensure the quality of economic development, increasing energy efficiency and exploring alternative new energy sources, transforming the mode of economic development and upgrading the industrial structure, enhancing the publicity of environmental protection knowledge and strengthening the environmental protection consciousness, controlling the urbanization process and ensuring1.8billion red line of cultivated land areas, expanding the green area and increasing environmental input, importing the foreign capital effectively and encouraging the private capital to improve the ability of independent innovation, playing the guidance role of government and balancing the global to keep the certain pollution agglomeration.