Synthesis And Modification Of Polystyrene-Based Nano-Functional Composites

"Nano-composite Material" contains two or more substances combined together from nanoscale to form a new composite material with some special functions. The newly formed composites exhibit some special characteristics different from the single materials and endow them many new excellent properties, such as the high stability, the enhanced optical properties, magnetic properties, thermal properties, electrical properties, surface activity and sensitivity etc. Owing to these special characteristics, the new materials exhibit a great value for their application. For the special physical properties and practical applications, especially the application in biological separation and detection, the research of polystyrene-based nano-functional composites is eliciting widespread interest. In this paper, the synthesis of polystyrene-based microspheres was carried out systematically. The details are showed in the following parts.First of all, emulsion-polymerization method was used to synthesize uniform polystyrene nanoparticles and the effects of concentrations of initiator, emulsifier, monomer and electrolyte on their properties were explored. Carboxylic polystyrene microspheres were also prepared, containing poly (styrene-acrylic acid), poly (styrene-methyl methacrylate) and poly (styrene-butyl acrylate), and the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). TEM images showed that the size of the polystyrene nanoparticles ranged in39-134nm and FT-IR proved that poly (styrene-methyl methacrylate) were successfully prepared.Second, magnetic polystyrene microspheres containing Fe3O4and MnFe2O4were synthesized by emulsion-polymerization and suspension-polymerization. Meanwhile, the effects of concentrations of initiator, monomer and dispersant were explored and magnetic polystyrene microspheres were successfully prepared with the size ranged in0.18-4.5mm.Finally, tumor marker AFP antibody Ig302was conjoined to poly (styrene-methyl methacrylate) to prepare the immune probe. The products were characterized by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and FTIR. The results showed that AFP antibody Ig302were successfully connected to the surface of carboxylic polystyrene microspheres.