Improve The Deep Downstream Energy Seismic Acquisition

This article is brought forward aiming at developing deep layer acquisition technology. Besides development in new sequence, area and block, deep layer has become another new hot area in oil/gas exploration. As the frontier of oil/gas exploration, there must be some breakthrough in deep layer acquisition technology, in which the key is to solve the problem in downging energy. Based on the technical difficulties in data acquisition, processing and interpretation, especially the difficulties in acquisition stage, combined with the feasibility and present situation in acquisition technology research, started from wave propagation theory, this article studies the absorption and attenuation of the effective wave and gets three basic recognitions. Through primary study in charging theory, from theory to model study, systematically study the relationship between charging, geometric shape of charge, size and energy, frequency and character of wavelet, this article summarize, in both theory and practice, the,application result of multi-level delay charging, a new type source. The application of multi-level delay charging method has change the conventional charging method and increase the effective energy in downgoing elastic wave, which has unique effect in increasing the bandwidth of effective wave, resolution, S/N ration and interference attenuation and is worth to propagate. Through observing the influence of different geometry to reflect wave in deep layer, using seismic digital simulation tracing method, analyzing the influence of max-offset, trace interval, fold and geophone planting to reflecting energy, this article, summarizes, in both theory and practice, the application result of "bin stack" acquisition method. Bin stack technology, effectively integrating acquisition and processing technology, is the continuity of high precision 3D acquisition, aiming at increasing reflecting energy, resolution and S/N ration through small bin size acquisition, enlarged bin size processing and increasing CMP fold times. Besides 3D acquisition, bin stack can also be used in 2D acquisition. Through study in charging and reception, this article summarizes a whole set of new technology in increasing downgoing energy, which is proved, through production practice, to be effective in improving the reflecting wave quality, creates a new idea for the acquisition technology development and worth to propagate and apply in practice. The development in deep layer exploration technology create a new field in oil/gas exploration, it will contribute more in finding more deep layer reservoir and solving the energy substitution. The research result of improving downgoing energy in deep layer can also be used in other field in complicated seismic exploration area.