A Few Questions About The Penna Model

The Penna model is an evolution model based on asexual reproduction, and is published in 1995 by T.J.P. Penna. It is by far the most successful computational model for. age-structured populations. Its biological support comes from the mutation accumulation theory of senescence.One of the reasons for the Penna model's success relies on a particularly well-suited computational representation of a genome by means of a sequence of bits, the bit-string, these strings can be efficiently operated on by very fast logical and bitwise CPU operations. It has also proved to be flexible enough to be of value in a number of different problems in population dynamics, running from the catastrophic senescence of salmon to the origins of menopause.Chapter one is a simple introduction on Penna Model. A review of the most important results of the model is also presented.Several mathematical models based on one population and the theoretic descriptions of the Penna model are given in Chapter two. The theoretic description is very complex, and its results are very different from computer simulation results.In chapter three, we analyze the mortality and death reasons of individuals. We also study the common ancestor in Penna model. Some important results are presented such as: too much mutations cause diseases take the place of environment pressure to become the main death reason, etc.Several problems that are not studied yet are listed in the last chapter.