Sequence Divergence From The Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Gene And D-the Loop-controlled Areas Of Wild Yak And Domestic Yak Phylogenetic Relationships

Bos grunniens mutus (Wild yaks) survive only on Tibetan Plateau where they declined greatly in range and numbers during the past century because of excessive hunting, there has been different standpoints about the Classification of this Two kinds of animals. It is important to research the molecular phylogeny of Bos grunniens mutu and Bos grunniens, because the result can be used to direct the heredity and breeding on the molecular level.In order to study the molecular phylogeny of Bos grunniens mutu and Bos grunniens, we amplified DNA fragments of cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene and D-LOOP control region from Bos grunniens mutu. PCR products were cloned into PMD18-T vector after 1.0% gelose gel electrophoresis test, purification and callback. We randomly chose the white cluster in selective medium which ampicillin was presented in. These sequences were determined and deposited in the GenBank(accession numbers: AY955225, AY955226 for Bos grunniens mutu Cyt b, AY722118, AY749414 for D-LOOP) By comparing the Cyt b and D-LOOP sequences of five other species: Bos grunniens, Bos indicus, Bos Taurus, Bos banteng, Bos frontalis in the family Bovidae, the divergences and base substitutions among these sequences were analyzed with the MEGA software. The phylogenetic trees constructed by multiple (NJ, Mp and ML) supported the same topology, Themolecular results show that Bos grunniens mutus has closer relationship to Bos grunniens than to other species. Bos grunniens mutus and Bos grunniens should be subspecies of Bos grunniens in Bos. Bos grunniens mutus is the close ancestor of Bos grunniens. The approximate divergence time between these two species was 0.42^0.44 million years.This study will provide molecular basic data for molecule phylogeny of Bos grunniens mutu and Bos grunniens.