Qinling Golden Monkey (rhinopithecus Roxellana) 2-3 Year-old Individual And Social Behavior Of Gender Differences In Levels And Feeding Relations And Feeding Conditions

1. Sex differences of the social behavior in the golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) from 2 to 3 years in the Qinling MountainsFrom March 2005 to May 2006, the sex differences of social behaviour of seven juvenile individuals in golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) was studied at Yuhuangmiao village of the Zhouzhi National Nature Reserve in the north slope of Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi of China.We sampled the observational subjects using focal animal sampling and collected data mainly using instantaneous sampling. The results showed that, in the whole observational period, significant sex differences of mean frequency were found not only in social grooming(♀: 11.86%,♂:6.55%) (P<0.05), grooming infant(♀:3.64%,♂:1.26% ) (P<0.05),grooming mother(♀:4.61%,♂:2.70%) (P<0.05), social playing(♂: 10.02%,♀:6.35%) (P<0.05) and being expelled(♀:3.91%,♂:1.19%) (P<0.05) ,but also in mounting(♀: 0.034,♂: 1.83) (P<0.05) and aggressing(♀: 0.043,♂: 0.088) (P<0.05). Thus, these patterns of sex differences in golden snub-nosed monkey from 2 to 3 years appear to reflect the life histories's development and evolution of the sexes. These sex differences may be determined by genetical characteristics mixed with later environment,life history of sex respectively, individual experiences and other factors.2. Study on dominance hierarchy of golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) OMUs in Qinling Mountains by feeding superiorityBetween May 2005 and May 2006 , we studied dominance hierarchy of provisioned golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) 8 OMUs, by dominance index of 3 feeding parameters including feeding time,feedmg frequency and frequency of first, at Yuhuangmiao village of the Zhouzhi National Nature Reserve in the north slope of Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi of China. The results showed that, in the observational period, LP>JB>BZT>JZT>DB>PK>RX>FP. By compared with dominance index of aggression-submission, the results of the two methods are positively significant correlation (R=0.976, P=0.000). Moreover, the dominance hierarchy is perfect linearity (N=8, H=1) by Landau' s index liearity test. Thus, under provision, the dominance index of 3 feeding parameters compared with dominance index of aggression-submission is easy and feasible in operation , which may facilitate the study of dominancy hierarchy in non-human under provision., and the dominance hierarchy of OMU is combination of attributes including unit members, tenure of adult male and intimacy in a unit et al.